Chapter 9 PREVENTIVE, REFORMATIVE, AND CORRECTIONAL AGENCIES IN NEW YORK CITY

The agencies working to meet the need of wayward and professional delinquent women and girls in New York City are both private and public, direct and indirect. Work in this field can rarely be strictly characterized as either preventive, reformative or correctional. Almost all the agencies in question do both a preventive and a reformative work, though, in the main, the tendency toward preventive work is stronger than that toward rescue work. The following account is not exhaustive, but aims to deal with the representative institutions in each field.

(a) THE WORK OF PREVENTION

Preventive agencies cover a very wide range, beginning of course with the home and family, the school and the church; but important as these and similar institutions are, they are too general to come within the scope of this chapter. There are, however, certain societies and institutions which exert a potent though indirect influence,-among them the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, the Society for the Prevention of Crime and the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. A few institutions render more direct service,-the Association for Befriending Children and Young Girls and the Children's Aid Society, for example. These, with the Home for the Friendless, the Sheltering Arms, the girls' departments of the Catholic Protectorate, the Juvenile Asylum, and other organizations maintain homes for the young. There are, moreover, numerous settlements with a hold on the young through kindergartens, clubs, and friendly services, doing a quiet but constantly effective preventive work; independent girls' clubs, thirty special ones in New York, providing opportunities for friendship, recreation and training; some societies, such as the Girls' Friendly, offering attractions to girls who have few advantages in their homes. The work of the Committee on Amusements and Vacation Resources of Working Girls has been active in the difficult dance hall problem, previously shown to be an important factor in the exploitation of prostitution. The Travelers' Aid Society, which assists incoming women of all classes at railway stations and docks, is a valuable safeguard. This society definitely helped 18,562 persons in the year 1912. Of these, 5,161 were from seventeen to twenty-five years of age, and nearly all women. Similar work for traveling colored girls is done by a department of the National League on Urban Conditions among Negroes. The Big Sisters assist girls who have already come to the point of grave danger. Working along the lines already marked out by the Big Brothers' Movement, women of devoted abilities are taking little girls who have already yielded to temptation and endeavoring to win them to useful lives.

Homes for working girls and women, though touching this need indirectly, touch it strongly. There are many of these homes, maintained by philanthropic and religious boards of women; seventeen hundred women are accommodated in them. Their economic value has long been realized; their moral and social importance is beginning to be appreciated. Their usefulness as preventive agencies probably varies with the degree of experience, resourcefulness, and sympathy possessed by those who are directly in charge.

Among the more definitely preventive agencies may be mentioned, first, societies of a national scope which aim to create healthy sentiment by emphasizing the grave dangers of the social evil. Such are the American Federation of Sex Hygiene and the Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, operating through meetings, lectures and printed matter; the American Vigilance Association, which, originally organized to secure legislation and law enforcement as respects the white slave traffic, has now extended its operations so that it is actively engaged in a propaganda that touches the entire field of commercialized vice; it publishes a monthly periodical, Vigilance.

Prominent among local organizations is the Committee of Fourteen, originally organized for the suppression of the Raines Law Hotels, now occupied in combating all manifestations of commercialized sexual vice in New York. It endeavors to secure more vigorous and effective action by all departments of state and city government having power to suppress vice; and it also strives to improve conditions in saloons and hotels through the influence and control over such places exercised by brewers and surety companies.

Two societies doing important work in other lines are strongly interested in educational preventive work-the New York Probation Association and the Church Mission of Help. Both make special appeal to churches, to societies, and to clubs of women. The Probation Association organizes among working girls protective leagues, fourteen of which leagues have been started. Their main purpose is to secure the help of girls in protecting other girls. They endeavor to raise the tone of conversation in places where girls assemble and work. Lectures on sex hygiene are given, wholesome recreation is encouraged, and higher ideals of life cultivated. The Church Mission of Help organizes bands of women, principally in Episcopal churches, to study the needs of wayward girls and to give help as they are able. Both of these societies encourage parents, guardians, and girls in need to come to them for advice and help, thus making their work more personal.

The foregoing direct agencies mainly exert their preventive influence on the public en masse. The more definite and concrete examples of preventive work appear in the work of homes which concern themselves with individuals in distress. They take girls, some of them very young girls, who are subject to bad influences, who are incorrigible, or who for various reasons find difficulty in their home life. Of such homes there are several. Those reaching the larger numbers are represented by the Children's Department of the House of Mercy and the House of the Good Shepherd. For colored girls the work on the larger scale is done by the Howard Orphan Asylum, which maintains a house at Kings Park, Long Island. The smaller homes, of which there are at least six in New York, deal more personally with the individual girl. Their capacity ranges from 25 to 75. Of this type is the Free Home for Young Girls, managed by an incorporated association of church women. The inmates, mostly sent by guardians and friends, are from eleven to seventeen years of age. A real home life is maintained. Most of the girls attend the public schools. All are taught sewing, simple cooking, laundry work, and housework. They remain two or three years and are sent out to friends or to situations with approved surroundings. In Brooklyn the Training School and Home for Young Girls cares for and trains girls by a method similar to that of the Free Home. Two of these homes are partly preventive and partly reformative-the House of the Holy Family and the Washington Square Home. The first named is conducted by the Association for Befriending Young Girls, under the immediate charge of the Sisters of the Divine Compassion, and cares for 75 young girls, mostly Roman Catholics. Instruction in ordinary school branches is given. Physical exercises, manual training, and domestic science are taught. Special attention is given to the matter of amusements; religious as well as friendly care is provided. Provision is made for all girls leaving the home. Correspondence with Sisters and visits to the home are encouraged. This home cared for 177 girls in 1912.

The Washington Square Home is a non-sectarian institution. It provides a home for indefinite periods for girls who have erred or who are in danger of so doing. They come voluntarily to the home. Twenty-seven can be accommodated and the home is usually full. Of the 64 received in 1912, fifty were Protestants, 12 Roman Catholics, and 2 Hebrews. The average age of the girls is 18. Instruction in housework, laundry, and plain sewing is given. Girls are kept as long as necessary to train for self-support.

All these homes maintain good discipline and friendly relations. The girls usually go out equipped to live and with a strong appreciation of what has been done for them. Unfortunately their facilities are very limited in consequence of the meager resources. Usually from three to eight girls occupy a room when, as a matter of principle, each girl should be given her own cubicle. Moreover, the capacity is far below what is required.[315] Even as it is, valuable preventive results have been accomplished in case of those girls who have been reached.

(b) REFORMATIVE WORK

The border line between preventive and reformative work is in theory definite and clear; in practice, as illustrated by institutions, it is rather hazy. These institutions and homes endeavor to help women who have actually yielded to temptation or to force of circumstances.

They are susceptible of division along several lines. Some are small, under religious or private control, and for the most part reach the less demoralized class. There are also larger establishments, which receive both girls committed by the court and girls who enter voluntarily. Among the former may be mentioned the Margaret Strachan Home, the Midnight Mission and St. Michael's Home, and the New Shelter for Young Women, quite recently opened.

The Margaret Strachan Home cares for 24 girls temporarily. They come voluntarily, through doctors and mission friends, remain from one to six months, receive certain training under religious influences, and are sent out to maternity hospitals or to friends. There were 80 girls in the home in 1911, most of them under twenty years of age. For twenty-nine years this home has been conducted under the management of an association of religious women. The Wayside Home in Brooklyn provides a home for friendless girls and serves as a reformatory for Protestant young girls in Kings County. It emphasizes home care and practical training.

The St. Michael's Home is at Mamaroneck. It is operated under the Protestant Episcopal Church by the Sisters of St. John the Baptist. It cares for 60 girls at a time, most of them for the space of two years. Instruction in school branches and in housework and home-making is given. Girls come through parents and guardians, a few by commitment. Many of them are discovered by the missionary visitor. They go out to proper places equipped for usefulness.

Of the larger institutions there are four,-the House of the Good Shepherd, the House of Mercy, the New York Magdalen Benevolent Society and the Ozanam Home for Friendless Women. All of these receive wayward women of all kinds, and the House of the Good Shepherd and the House of Mercy receive little girls from dangerous surroundings. While they do not seek for committed cases, such are accepted. The Magdalen Society is the oldest home of this kind, having been founded in 1833.

The Ozanam Home in Brooklyn under the leadership of Roman Catholic women offers shelter and help to those who wish to reform. The work is of a temporary nature in that inmates do not as a rule remain in the home over three weeks. In the year 1912, six hundred and sixty-seven were cared for at public charges and 198 at private charges.

The House of the Good Shepherd can care for 500 women and girls, making it the largest institution of the kind. No account is taken of race, color, or creed, although probably the majority of its wards are Catholic. The girls are divided into classes according to their condition and purpose of entering the institution. Some look forward to giving their lives to religious service; others are to be trained for useful work and to be discharged when it is best. Volunteers leave at any time. The training covers usual school work, laundry, cooking, embroidery and lace making. Physical and recreational needs are cared for.

The House of Mercy does a similar work under the guidance of the Protestant Episcopal Church. The capacity of this house is 110. At the close of 1910 there were 107 inmates. These come, some of free will, others by commitment. The department for women is entirely separate from that for young girls, which, conducted as the work of St. Agnes Guild, is referred to above. The women are given practical training in domestic service and do the work of the large laundry which is a source of income. Attention is given to recreation, religious training and to the life after leaving the institution.

The Magdalen Benevolent Society Home cares for about 100 women, the larger part of whom are committed by magistrates. Erring women under 30 years of age also come voluntarily into the home for six months or more. Suitable school and practical training is given, physical and recreational wants are met, moral influences are exerted, and women go out to situations approved by the management. Unmarried mothers with babies are received and trained. This home is non-sectarian in its management and in its work.

All institutions dealing with erring women have to receive in larger or smaller numbers unmarried girls expecting to become mothers. There are, however, certain homes specially devoted to this class of women. The Heartsease Work for Friendless Women in this city, the St. Faith's Home at Tarrytown, and Lakeview House at Arrochar, Staten Island, are perhaps the best examples. To these the girls come voluntarily or are directed by relatives, friends and charitable workers. St. Faith's Home, though smallest in capacity and in total numbers cared for during the year, is representative in respect to the policy pursued. From 15 to 17 can be accommodated, and 39 girls were cared for in 1912, twenty-four of whom were received during that year. Mothers with their children are kept for two years in most cases. They are taught all kinds of home work and especially nursery work. Instruction in the fundamental branches of school work is given as well as lessons in hygiene, in dress, and in the expenditure of and accounting for money. Safe places are provided for all leaving the home. The home is managed by a board of women and an advisory board of men. It is largely supported by Episcopalians and the work is done by members of that church.

Lakeview Home, operated under the direction of the Council of Jewish Women, does a similar work for Hebrew girls. It emphasizes industrial training and personal work. It cares for 25 women and girls and 24 infants at a time. The total number cared for in 1912 was 60 girls and 45 infants.

The Heartsease Work is undenominational, though definitely religious. In addition to the care of women with babies, it provides a temporary home for erring women and endeavors to fit women for work. It cared for 204 cases in the year 1911-12. Forty were mothers with infants, 61 were girls becoming mothers, 14 girls were convalescing, and 20 girls were seeking employment. There were 9 infants without mothers. The home provides classes for instruction, social entertainments, and religious services.

Definite work to reform this class of women done by three religious organizations may be mentioned here,-that of the Chinatown Settlement, the Rescue Mission in Doyers Street, and of the Salvation Army. These organizations are in a position to touch those more deeply involved in vice; but the majority of the girls they reach are not prostitutes.

The Chinatown Settlement offers a home and friendly relations to girls drawn into Chinatown. It affords entertainments, religious teaching, and practical training. It brings to the home an average of 75 different girls per month. Two thousand calls on girls were made in 1912. It has a small country place for summer use.

The Rescue Society reaches girls through mission services, clubs, and classes. Two thousand, seven hundred and forty-eight women were touched by the services in 1911.

The Salvation Army maintains rescue and industrial homes in Manhattan and Brooklyn, as it does in all the chief cities of the land. The home in Manhattan cares for 50 women and is always full. Some midnight rescue work is done; but the girls actually taken from the streets are few. This work, which formerly depended largely upon religious results in meetings, now accomplishes more by personal influence of workers. The girls are of all nationalities, their average age, 25. So far as possible, the different classes are separated in the home. Of 115 inmates in one year 60 were betrayal cases, 19 were cases of prostitution, and 27 girls were under serious temptation. Capable girls are trained and sent out to service. The leaders state that perhaps 80 percent are reformed. The Army also maintains a home at Tappan on the Hudson for young girls about to become mothers. This work was formerly the Door of Hope and is still in charge of Mrs. Whittemore. The Army also does a preventive work for young girls on its farm in Spring Valley.

The two homes that probably touch the problem of the prostitute and commercialized traffic in women more closely than any others are Waverly House and the Florence Crittenton Home. The leaders in these homes are in close relation to the magistrate's courts and both take care of witnesses in white slave cases pending in the Federal Court.

Waverly House is under the management of the New York Probation Association. It accommodates 18 girls, who come through the courts, as above mentioned, and through philanthropic and religious organizations. Two hundred and nine were cared for in the house in 1912. They remained from one day to three months, for Waverly House is a temporary home and not a reformatory. Most of the girls are young, the largest group between sixteen and eighteen. With the exception of the court witnesses, girls are placed in such permanent institutions or positions as will meet their needs. Personal attention and careful study are most prominent in this house. Classes in the useful arts, English, and music are provided. One night each week is "play night," and entertainments of all kinds are provided. The higher spiritual truths are brought to the girls through a Sunshine Circle. Through the Employment Bureau the girls of the house, as well as many who have been arrested, those in moral danger, and many difficult and incorrigible girls, find situations.

The Florence Crittenton Mission in this city is one of many homes of the same name situated in the larger cities of this country. It formerly engaged in a rescue mission work for both men and women. Its work is now limited to the care of erring women. The home contains 16 rooms, each occupied by two or more persons. The girls are probationers, girls released on suspended sentences, witnesses in white slave cases, and women discharged by the courts; a few come from cafés and from the streets. During an entire year, 501 girls passed through the home, some staying but a few hours, others remaining for the year. They range in age from fourteen to twenty-five years. A night school is maintained, as well as classes in physical culture and the useful arts. A Helping Hand Class makes scrap books and small articles for sick children. The pleasure side of life is met by entertainments, and religious services are regularly held. The disposition of the 501 girls above mentioned was as follows:

Situations 183

Sent home 185

Deported 17

In care of organizations 58

Committed to institutions 19

Left against wishes 17

In Home 22

501

The work is financed and managed by the National Florence Crittenton Mission.

Though not placed strictly under the reformative heading, certain fundamental phases of the work of the Probation Association and the Church Mission of Help may here be presented. As stated above, the sphere of these societies is largely that of clearing houses. They study carefully the girls who come to them and make of them the disposition best suited to their needs. The time of study allows opportunities for personal helpfulness and it is well improved.

The Church Mission of Help began its work by a prolonged study of 229 cases of wayward girls who were more or less connected with the Episcopal Church. Parental and good home conditions were sadly lacking in most cases. On the basis of this study the society began its work of information to the church and of helpfulness to the girls. During the year 1912 it was in touch with 352 girls, of whom 148 were under its direct care, 58 were cared for on leaving institutions, and 103 were in institutions. Two hundred and six of these girls were connected with the Episcopal Church. Twelve other religious bodies were represented, while a small number of the girls had no religious affiliations. All cases are referred, where possible, to the churches with which they are or were connected. The work of this society is largely personal. Besides locating girls in homes and institutions, employment is found for those fitted for it. Some court work is done. In addition to paid workers, an increasing number of trained volunteers are being used. Besides the care of the church girl and the work of education and prevention done by this society, its service of visitation in institutions is most valuable. The visits of sympathetic women to girls in institutions pave the way for a useful service in their social reinstatement later.

The wider work of the New York Probation Association, which deserves mention here, is in the form of a careful study of all the cases with which it has to do. A thorough physical examination is given each girl by a physician. A mental examination follows and cases are placed under the direct supervision of a skilled neurologist and psychologist. Careful records of all facts are kept. The discovery of physical and mental weakness, often after prolonged study, leads to a definite course of action. Such scientific results are not only valuable in the practical treatment of the individual girl, but furnish a basis on which the courts act, and are of wide usefulness to the student of the conditions which lead to moral delinquency.

(c) CORRECTIONAL WORK

There are three main correctional agencies in New York City: the New York State Training School for Girls at Hudson, the State Reformatory for Women at Bedford and the Workhouse. A real work of correction is also accomplished in the case of those committed to the House of the Good Shepherd, the House of Mercy, and the Magdalen Benevolent Society Home. The State Farm for Women, to be situated at Valatie, is not yet established, and the House of Detention, in connection with the Night Court for women, which would serve as an intermediary to correctional agencies, is not yet available.

The New York State Reformatory for Women at Bedford Hills, New York, was opened for commitment in May, 1901. It is supported entirely by state appropriations. It receives women between the ages of sixteen and thirty years from the First, Second, Third and Ninth Judicial District, i. e., Greater New York, Long Island and the tier of counties on each side of the Hudson River as far north as Albany. Over 80 percent of its inmates come from Greater New York. A woman of suitable age may be committed by any judge or magistrate for any offense over which he has jurisdiction, except murder in the first and second degrees, provided, however, that the woman has not previously been convicted of a felony.

The institution is situated in the heart of Westchester County-39 miles north of New York City. Here the State owns 192 acres of land and leases an additional 57 acres. It has at the present time a capacity for 340 inmates, with a population of 505; the expenditure for maintenance last year was $4.06 per week per capita. It is built on the cottage plan. This permits of classification, whereby the younger girls are separated from the older women and the less innocent from the more hardened offenders.

The idea of the institution is that of a good industrial school. There are book schools in which the inmates receive instruction in reading, writing, arithmetic, nature study, etc. Physiology and sex hygiene are taught by the resident physician. All the work of the farm, including the care of the cattle, pigs and other live stock, is performed by the inmates, with the exception of the plowing. Much out-door work of a constructive character is carried on, both for its physical effects and for mental and moral results. In this constructive work is included a milk house, silo, stairways and sidewalks made of concrete. Industrial training in laundry work, various branches of needle work, cooking and other branches of domestic science is given. The inmates have musical and dramatic clubs. Their religious needs are met by services conducted by clergymen of their respective denominations.

The Board of Managers constitute a Board of Parole and while the inmates are all committed for a maximum of three years, they may be paroled at any time, if in the judgment of the Board of Managers, such action is considered to be for their best interest. Parole officers find suitable homes and suitable work for the paroled women and follow them up carefully until the expiration of the parole period.

The New York State Training School receives girls under sixteen years of age from the entire state. Those from New York City come through the Children's Court. The equipment of the school is very good, the chief need being for more room. The cottage system used accommodates 385 girls, in separate sleeping rooms. It is, however, necessary to use other buildings and parts of buildings for housing purposes. The households are practically independent of each other, thereby offering, as far as is possible, the conditions and spirit of a real home.

The methods of work and the life in the school are most commendable. A personal and individual interest in each girl is manifest from the time of commitment through the school life and for years after the school is left. By careful study each one is placed in the cottage and environment where she will receive the most help and the best training. Changes to insure development are made, as necessary. A girl's grading depends on her conduct and proficiency. Discipline is varied, with the principle always in mind that the individual and not the offense is to be treated. Humiliation and loss of self-respect are avoided, if possible. The living conditions and training seem excellent. The girls do the cottage work, changes being so arranged as to give all a thorough experience in housework. School sessions of fifteen hours weekly in the morning and eight weekly in the afternoon prevail. The morning session is the book school, the afternoon the industrial school. Cooking, plain sewing, dressmaking, physical culture, gardening, and vocal music are carefully taught. Religious instruction is given by representatives of various churches under direction of the state. Amusements are afforded at proper times, are well arranged and heartily indulged in. That there is a spirit of pride and enthusiasm in work and a feeling of happiness in the life is quite believable when one realizes that so many old girls wish to visit the school that they cannot be accommodated. The records show that the delinquent girl of normal mind can be and is cured. Girls of sub-normal mind are still to some extent cared for in this school; but they should be in a special institution.

The Workhouse receives about 75 percent of all women prisoners convicted of offenses related to prostitution in the magistrates' courts in this city. In the year 1912, three thousand, five hundred and thirteen women charged with soliciting and loitering were committed to the Workhouse for periods up to six months. About 50 percent of these, as shown by the fingerprint process, are repeaters, each of whom had been arrested from two to eight times. The life in the Workhouse is generally conceded to be not only useless but actually harmful. The Chief Magistrate of the city has stated in print the following: "The present Workhouse, through no fault of the Commissioner or its officers, is a poor place for these women. The building does not meet the requirements for these cases. A new institution should be provided; not a lounging, unsanitary place, but a real workhouse, looking to reformation as well as punishment."

The reformatories in 1912 received through the courts 286 women. To Bedford were committed, 108; to the House of Mercy, 4; to the House of the Good Shepherd, 100; to the Magdalen Home, 74. Most, though not all these cases, were strictly related to prostitution. Through the Children's Court of the city, of the 120 cases charged with tendency to moral depravity and convicted in the year 1912, sixty-two were committed to institutions and 58 were placed on probation. Girls under sixteen committed to the House of the Good Shepherd numbered 64, to the House of Mercy, 57, and to the Training School at Hudson, 32; but not all of these cases involved immorality.

The following table summarizes the institutions for friendless and wayward girls, in so far as they are described in the text; though numerous, their capacity and resources are obviously quite inadequate to the need:

Name Object Capacity Total Cared

for 1 Year Sources of

Support Expenses

Heartsease Work Prevention and reformation 25 204 Contributions $ 3,300

House of the Holy Family Prevention and reformation 75 177 City grant, contributions, sewing-room, etc. 13,850

Washington Square Home for Friendless Girls Prevention and reformation 27 85 Investments, city grant, contributions 6,160

Margaret Strachan Home Reformation of first cases. Training 24 80 Investments, contributions 3,238

House of the Good Shepherd Protection and reformation 500 880 County grants, industrial dept. 100,690

House of Mercy Protection and reformation 110 183 Investments, city grant, laundry, etc., contributions 22,247

New York Magdalen Benevolent Society Reformation 106 237 City grants, laundry, etc., contributions 27,690

St. Michael's Home Reformation and training 60 88 Investments, contributions 8,000

Waverley House Temporary care 26 209 Contributions, investments, fees 22,371

Salvation Army Rescue Home Reformation and training 50 115 Sewing room, etc., contributions 7,652

Door of Hope Shelter and reformation 25 56 Contributions, sewing 3,451

Chinatown and Bowery Settlement Care and reformation 6 84 Contributions 3,059

Florence Crittenton Mission Reformation 36 967 Contributions 9,319

New Shelter Reformation 20 140 Private patron ...

St. Faith's Home Shelter and reformation 17 31 Contributions 7,404

Lakeview Home Care for first offenders 25 60 (plus 45 infants) Subscriptions, contributions 8,476

St. Katherine's Homes Shelter and reformation 13 13 (plus 13 infants) Subscriptions and contributions 3,531

Ozanam Home for Friendless Women Care and reformation 100 865 City grants, industrial dept., contributions 8,957

Wayside Home Reformation and training 21 67 City grants, contributions ...

Free Home for Young Girls Care and prevention 30 53 Invests funds, contribt's 5,402

Brooklyn School and Home for Young Girls Care and prevention 30 94 City grants, contributions 8,000

New York State Training School for Girls Correction and reformation 335 440 State grants 99,278

State Reformatory for Women Correction and reformation 340 763 State grants 89,721

Daily average, 422.

* * *

Appendices

APPENDIX I

SUMMARY OF PLACES IN MANHATTAN WHERE PROSTITUTION WAS FOUND TO EXIST

DURING PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION (JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912)

Places Number of

Buildings Different

Vice Resorts

in Them Number of

Investigations

Made

Parlor Houses 142 142 441

Massage Parlors 70 75 78

Tenements 578 1172 1245

Furnished Rooms 112 112 148

Hotels 105 105 560

Totals 1007 1606 2472

* * *

APPENDIX II

SUMMARY OF PLACES IN MANHATTAN CATERING TO PROSTITUTION-INVESTIGATED

JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912

Places Number of Different Number of

Prostitutes

Counted

Addresses of

Buildings Investigations

Made

Saloons, cafes and concert halls 308 1304 2689

Miscellaneous places allied with prostitution 71 145 385

Semi-public places used by prostitutes 20 35 150

Totals 399 1484 3224

* * *

APPENDIX III

SUMMARY OF INMATES COUNTED AND ESTIMATED AT PLACES IN MANHATTAN WHERE PROSTITUTION WAS

REPORTED DURING PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION FROM JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912

Places Number of

Inmates Counted Inmates Estimated

but not seen Total Including those

Counted and Estimated

Parlor Houses 1686 2609 2609

Massage Parlors 153 .. 153

Tenements 2294 2976 2976

Furnished Rooms 227 .. 227

Hotels 583 .. 583

4943 5585 6548

* * *

APPENDIX IV

MONTHLY EXPENSES OF THIRTY ONE-DOLLAR PARLOR HOUSES

Address Mmes.

or

Housekeepers Maids Cooks Butcher

&

Grocer Lighthouse Gas

&

Electricity Telephone Rent Entertainment

Tickets Total

No. - W. 18th $140 $104 $40 $160 $120 $35 $15 $150 $50 $814

No. - W. 24th 132 80 40 160 100 20 8 175 20 735

No. - W. 25th 48 78 34 140 60 18 8 200 20 606

No. - W. 25th 148 148 40 200 40 25 10 208 20 839

No. - W. 25th 65 88 47 148 82 32 . 208 35 705

No. - W. 25th 160 76 32 120 . 25 8 125 25 571

No. - W. 28th 136 116 32 140 100 30 15 110 50 729

No. - W. 28th 248 88 40 140 120 25 . 110 50 821

No. - W. 31st . 80 40 120 . 35 8 208 25 516

No. - W. 35th 192 78 34 200 84 30 10 150 20 798

No. - W. 40th . 52 32 48 . 12 6 125 . 275

No. - W. 40th . 56 40 60 . 12 . 125 . 293

No. - W. 40th 128 80 36 120 72 35 12 125 20 628

No. - W. 56th 172 112 48 180 60 35 15 175 . 797

No. - 6th Ave. 72 60 44 140 100 25 . 200 50 691

No. - 6th Ave. 108 100 48 120 60 15 10 208 20 680

No. - 6th Ave. 128 80 40 120 120 30 . 175 40 733

No. - 6th Ave. 60 64 48 200 . 20 10 166 25 593

No. - 6th Ave. 120 60 32 140 . 25 8 150 20 555

No. - 6th Ave. 64 48 32 48 80 15 . 150 . 437

No. - 6th Ave. 128 54 40 140 60 25 10 175 35 667

No. - 6th Ave. 128 120 44 180 100 35 15 175 50 847

No. - 6th Ave. 60 44 . 180 72 20 6 225 20 627

No. - W. 24th 72 96 36 80 160 20 10 175 25 674

No. - W. 26th 168 120 36 180 60 40 15 150 50 819

No. - W. 27th 60 52 40 100 80 25 8 175 30 570

No. - W. 28th 60 76 40 160 120 25 10 200 50 741

No. - W. 28th 60 56 48 140 . 12 . 125 . 441

No. - W. 36th 160 88 40 140 80 30 10 150 50 748

No. - W. 36th 180 80 36 120 80 25 10 150 25 706

Monthly Totals $3197 2434 1139 4124 2010 746 237 4943 825 19665

Year's Total $41561 31642 14807 53612 26130 8952 2844 59316 9900 248764

* * *

APPENDIX V

MONTHLY EXPENSES OF TEN DISORDERLY APARTMENTS IN TENEMENT BUILDINGS

Address Maids Lighthouse,

bell boys,

etc. Butcher

&

Grocer Gas

&

Electricity Telephone Rent Total

No. - W. 43rd St. $36 $ . $60 $10 $8 $ 75 $ 189

No. - W. 45th St. 32 . 60 10 8 125 235

No. - W. 49th St. 64 . 75 12 8 100 259

No. - W. 50th St. 64 10 80 10 . 100 264

No. - W. 55th St. 64 . 60 12 15 110 261

No. - W. 58th St. 44 . 55 8 . 36 143

No. - W. 58th St. 52 . 60 8 5 50 175

No. - W. 58th St. 44 230 100 10 6 50 440

No. - W. 60th St. 60 . 60 8 5 75 208

No. - W. 65th St. 32 . 40 7 5 60 144

Monthly Totals $492 240 650 95 60 781 2318

Year's Totals $6396 3120 8450 1140 720 9372 29198

* * *

APPENDIX VI

MONTHLY EXPENSES OF EIGHT FIVE-DOLLAR PARLOR HOUSES

Address Housekeepers Maids Cooks Butcher

&

Grocer Piano

Player Cab

Boy Gas

&

Electricity Telephone Rent Total

No. - W. 38th $152 $112 $40 $200 $88 $56 $45 $12 $166 $871

No. - W. 41st 152 104 48 250 100 . 45 15 210 924

No. - W. 46th 140 96 44 240 80 48 45 15 230 938

No. - W. 46th 136 144 44 200 80 48 60 15 225 952

No. - W. 46th 80 128 40 200 80 . 45 12 175 760

No. - W. 47th 144 88 44 240 . 40 45 20 250 871

No. - W. 49th 200 88 40 240 . . 40 20 200 828

No. - W. 52nd 140 112 48 240 80 60 40 15 150 885

Monthly Totals $1144 872 348 1810 508 252 365 124 1606 7029

Year's Total $14872 11336 4524 23530 6604 3276 4380 1488 19272 89282

* * *

APPENDIX VII

CONDITIONS ON THE STREETS OF MANHATTAN IN MONTHLY PERIODS FROM JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912,

SHOWING STREET WALKERS COUNTED, AND NUMBER WHO SOLICITED MEN INVESTIGATORS

Period All Streets in Manhattan Broadway

Street

Walkers

Counted Street

Walkers

who

Solicited

Investigators Number

of

Reports Street

Walkers

Counted Street

Walkers

who

Solicited

Investigators Number

of

Reports

Jan. 24th to Feb. 24th 482 104 157 38 8 9

Feb. 24th to Mar. 24th 492 133 149 105 25 22

Mar. 24th to Apr. 24th 490 104 129 195 25 28

Apr. 24th to May 24th 883 117 214 435 46 74

May 24th to June 24th 1203 118 259 562 40 69

June 24th to July 24th 696 72 245 479 25 114

July 24th to Sept. 1st 1048 52 201 593 20 87

Sept. 1st to Oct. 1st 451 45 69 209 18 22

Oct. 1st to Nov. 1st 738 34 134 352 16 55

Nov. 1st to Nov. 15th 276 14 39 207 12 12

Totals 6759 793 1596 3175 235 492

Of the total number of street walkers counted, over 47% were on Broadway.

Of the total number of street walkers who solicited investigators, nearly 30% were on Broadway.

Of the total number of reports on streets, about 31% related to Broadway.

* * *

APPENDIX VIII

NUMBER OF REPORTS ON STREET WALKING IN MANHATTAN, DURING PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION FROM

JANUARY 24th TO NOVEMBER 15th, 1912, ACCORDING TO POLICE PRECINCTS

Precincts Jan. 24

to

Feb. 24 Feb. 24

to

Mar. 24 Mar. 24

to

Apr. 24 Apr. 24

to

May 24 May 24

to

June 24 June 24

to

July 24 July 24

to

Sept. 1 Sept. 1

to

Oct. 1 Oct. 1

to

Nov. 1 Nov. 1

to

Nov. 15 Total

Six

Months Percentage

1 . . . . . 7 3 . 2 . 12 .75

2 . . . . . 7 2 . 3 . 12 .75

5 . . . . . . . . 1 . 1 .07

6 . . 1 1 3 1 1 . . . 7 .45

7 . . . . . . . . . . . .

8 . . . . . . . . . . . .

10 . . . . . 2 . . . . 2 .13

12 . . 1 4 . 3 . . . . 8 .50

13 . . 2 4 . 1 . 1 . . 8 .50

14 1 . . . . 1 4 . . . 6 .38

15 22 7 18 14 26 14 8 1 6 1 117 7.33

16 3 . 1 . . 1 4 . 1 1 11 .70

17 . . 2 . . . 1 . . . 3 .20

18 18 10 8 16 4 16 15 4 13 8 112 7.02

21 24 13 8 21 32 11 12 2 7 2 132 8.25

22 17 22 8 13 28 13 15 14 10 . 140 8.75

23 35 21 28 73 64 69 51 28 40 13 422 26.40

25 1 2 . . 21 2 3 . 2 . 31 1.95

26 4 13 13 29 38 59 37 7 18 7 225 14.08

28 1 13 13 14 12 11 11 . 6 . 81 5.08

29 1 3 1 . 5 4 4 . 2 3 23 1.45

31 . . . . . . . . . . . .

32 3 10 7 15 10 11 20 5 11 2 94 5.90

33 1 . 2 3 1 1 . . . . 8 .50

35 . . . . . . 1 . . . 1 .07

36 9 18 4 5 9 5 9 5 9 2 75 4.70

39 3 5 5 . 3 . . . . . 16 1.02

40 . . . . 1 3 . . . . 4 .25

43 14 12 7 2 2 2 . 2 3 . 45 2.82

157 149 129 214 259 244 201 69 134 39 1596 100.00

* * *

APPENDIX VIII

POLICE RULES REGARDING DISORDERLY PLACES

Captains of Police Precincts. It is the duty of a police captain to report to the police commissioners on the fifth of each month:

1. Steps taken to enforce provisions of the Penal Law with reference to disorderly houses within his precinct.

2. Steps taken to enforce the Penal Law and Greater New York Charter regarding concert saloons, dives and other places where disorderly, degraded or lawless people congregate.

3. Steps taken to enforce the Liquor Tax Laws and ordinances relating to various crimes above mentioned.

No. 55 Under Rule 42.-When any room or building in any part or portion within the precinct is known to the captain to be kept, used, or occupied for purposes of prostitution, assignation, or other immoral purpose, he must give notice in writing to the owner, lessee or occupant, that such room or building is so used, and that it is a misdemeanor.[316]

No. 56 Under Rule 42.-If the occupation and use of such premises shall continue the captain will obtain warrants for and cause the arrest of such owner, lessee or occupant for a misdemeanor and cause them to be prosecuted as required by law.[317]

No. 100 Under Rule 42.-Captains will make charges of neglect of duty against any patrolman under their command who fails to discover a serious breach of the peace occurring on his post, during his tour of duty; or who shall fail to arrest any party guilty of such offense.[318]

No. 13 Under Rule 45.-If a policeman is on duty on a post where houses of ill-fame are suspected to exist, he should be careful to restrain acts of disorder, prevent soliciting from windows, doors or on streets, and arrest all persons found so doing, also carefully observe all other places of a suspicious nature, obtain evidence as to the character and ownership of such houses, by whom frequented and report results of his observation to his commanding officer.[319]

* * *

APPENDIX IX

PARLOR HOUSES: ADDITIONAL DATA

X 25. Sixth Avenue-a one-dollar house.

March 5, 12.40 A. M. The investigator visited this place at the solicitation of X 26, a lighthouse stationed at the corner of Sixth Avenue and 29th Street. He counted 14 inmates and bought a pint bottle of beer for 25 cents from the madame. The names of some of the inmates are Mignon, Helen, Violet and Georgette.

March 6, 1912, 11 P. M. This house is reported as running about a year. Names of some of inmates: Alice, Louise and Mabel.

May 25, 1912. Rosie, X 27, was an inmate here on this date.

July 21, 1912. Flora, X 28, and Violet, X 29, were inmates here on this date.

August 25, 1912. The proprietors are X 30, and X 31. The madame is X 32.

* * *

X 7. James Slip.

At 2 P. M. on April 10, 1912, there were seven inmates in the receiving parlor. One of these girls said there were three more, making ten in all. All were dressed in the regular parlor house costume and all claimed to possess medical certificates. Tony, X 8, is said to be connected with this house, and reaps the profits from the business. The girls receive one-half of what they make, i. e., twenty-five cents from every visitor. The sanitary conditions are very bad.

* * *

X 33. Sixth Avenue-a one-dollar house.

February 5, 1912. X 34, the proprietor of this place, is a power in the Tenderloin. One of his women, whose name is Rosie, is madame at this address.

February 6, 1912. The investigator counted 8 inmates. Some of the inmates' names are Daisy, Rose and Bertha. The house is open night and day.

February 19, 1912. 1.30 A. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates. The madame was stationed in the hall with her ticket puncher.

February 24, 1912. An inmate in this house told the investigator that Dr. X 35 is the physician employed by the house.

April 4, 1912. X 36 was an inmate on this date.

July 9, 1912. X 37 was an inmate on this date.

July 15, 1912. X 38 and X 39 were inmates on this date.

* * *

X 41. West 24th Street-a one-dollar house.

February 2, 1912. 9.30 P. M. to 10.45 P. M. The investigator counted nine men entering.

February 19, 1912. 9.30 P. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates. The Madame is X 42. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Pearl, Marie, Clara and Sadie.

March 24, 1912. The physician for this place is X 43.

May 24, 1912. The proprietor of the resort is X 44.

May 25, 1912. X 45, an inmate here on this date claims that this is a good "money house."

* * *

X 46. West 25th Street-a one-dollar house.

February 1, 1912. 9 to 9.30 P. M. The investigator counted 9 inmates.

February 24, 1912. 2 A. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates and estimated 16. The proprietors are X 47 and X 48.

March 1, 1912. 9.30 P. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates. X 49 is said to be a proprietor.

March 19, 1912. 8.45 P. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates.

March 29, 1912. The investigator was present when a young thief, X 50, sold the madame, X 51, a dress he claimed to have stolen from a department store. X 35 is the house doctor here. The house is conducted by X 52.

X 51, the madame of this place, is the wife of X 47, the proprietor. X 43 is the physician. The investigator estimated the number of inmates as 19. Gussie often acts as madame.

April 16, 1912. X 53, the girl of X 54 is the assistant madame and housekeeper here.

* * *

X 59. West 25th Street-a one-dollar house.

February 1, 1912. 10.30-11.30 P. M. The investigator counted 11 inmates. The house is kept by X 17 in partnership with X 34. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Ruth, Elsie, and Margarita.

February 6, 1912. X 17, keeper of this place, has two other houses.

February 25, 1912. 9.15 P. M. The investigators counted 20 inmates. Eight pimps were present. The names of two of the girls on this date were Edith and May.

March 19, 1912. The investigator counted 14 inmates.

March 23, 1912. 1 A. M. The investigator counted 21 inmates and estimated 24. X 17 is the madame, also proprietor together with X 34. The house physician on this date is X 43. X 60 is a man said to be connected with this place. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Cora, Ruth, Violet, Lottie, Sophie, Blanche, and Mamie.

April 24, 1912. The names of some of the inmates on this date are X 61, X 62, and X 63.

May 24, 1912. X 2, who is an inmate of this house and has a country-wide reputation, does an exceedingly large business.

June 18, 1912. X 17, the madame, is in partnership with X 34.

July 12, 1912. The names of two inmates on this date are X 64 and X 65.

July 16, 1912. The investigator counted 12 inmates and estimated 16.

* * *

X 67. West 25th Street-a one-dollar house.

February 1, 1912. 9.30-10.30 P. M. The investigator counted 6 inmates and estimated 8. Annie acts as madame.

February 8, 1912. The proprietors of this place are X 68 and X 69.

February 19, 1912. 12.05 A. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates. Liquor is sold in this house on the quiet. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Marie, Laura, Mary, and Nellie.

February 23, 1912. 12.20 A. M. The investigator counted 10 inmates. X 49 is said to own a part interest in this place. Liquor not sold on this date.

March 2, 1912. 12.15 A. M. The investigator counted 10 inmates and estimated 17. Cigarettes sold but no liquors. The names of some of the inmates on this date are X 70, Rosie, Grace and Mabel.

March 19, 1912. 8.15 P. M. The investigator counted 19 inmates. Bessie acted as madame. X 69 and X 72 are reported as the proprietors of this place.

June 10, 1912. 11.20 P. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates and estimated 15. The proprietors are X 72 and X 73. Names of inmates on this date are Anna, Grace and Rose.

June 13, 1912. The investigators counted 13 inmates and estimated 15. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Marcelle, Grace, Dollie and Fannie. The place was formerly owned by X 72, X 69 and another. X 72 forced X 69 out and is now the chief owner. The share of X 69 was sold to X 73.

June 19, 1912. Inmate Nellie says she turns her earnings over to her pimp, X 74.

July 11, 1912. The names of three inmates on this date are X 75, X 76 and X 77.

* * *

X 78. West 27th Street-a one-dollar house.

February 8, 1912. The proprietors of this place are X 68, X 69 and X 72.

February 25, 1912. 8.30 P. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates.

March 4, 1912. 12.15 A. M. The investigator counted 16 inmates. The investigator was solicited to go here by a lighthouse, X 79. The proprietors are X 68 and X 69. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Ray, Matilda, Jennie, Belle and Georgie.

March 6, 1912. The investigator witnessed X 69 in conversation with a patrolman. X 68 is the chief owner.

March 24, 1912. The investigator counted 16 inmates. The physician of this place is X 80. The inmates pay him $1 per visit.

June 19, 1912. 11.30. The investigator was given a card to this place. X 69 forced X 72 out and bought his interest.

June 28, 1912. The investigator was handed a card to this place by a woman on Seventh Avenue near 28th Street. He saw another card on the sidewalk near West 27th Street on Seventh Avenue.

July 12, 1912. The names of three inmates of this house on this date are X 81, X 82 and X 83. The name of the owner of the property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 84.

* * *

X 16. West 31st Street-a one-dollar house.

February 8, 1912. 4.15 P. M. The investigator was approached on the street by a woman "runner" and given cards to above address. She said she had 5 or 6 girls there and she invited him to follow her. The investigator said he might call in the evening, and she told him to ring the bell on the stoop.

February 14, 1912. 12 P. M. The investigator counted 8 inmates, and was told there were 12 working here. The investigator had been solicited to come here by a cab driver, X 85.

February 16, 1912. The madame's name is Rose.

February 20, 1912. 9.20 P. M. The investigator was solicited on Sixth Avenue by a woman "runner" to enter this house. She had been stopping other men. The investigator counted 6 inmates. Mamie acted as madame. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Goldie, Ella, and Richmond.

March 7, 1912. 1.30 A. M. The investigator saw a prostitute who solicits on Sixth Avenue take four different men to this address within an hour, the first floor of which is a house of prostitution run by Madame Rose.

April 24, 1912. The name of the madame is X 86. The proprietors are X 34 and X 17.

May 14, 1912. X 86, the real madame, conducts this house on a 20 percent basis for X 34.

May 24, 1912. X 88 drunkard, lighthouse and procurer, works for X 34 at this address. He usually stands in front of X 89.

June 12, 1912. 3.00 A. M. The investigator talked with two men who had just come from this house. An inmate had shown one of the men her card punched with holes indicating that she had entertained 60 men that night.

July 10, 1912. The place is reported as closed, probably on the instructions of X 34. X 90 and X 17 are interested here.

July 15, 1912. The name of an inmate at this house on this date is X 91. The name of the owner of this property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 92.

* * *

X 93. West 40th Street-a one-dollar house.

March 8, 1912. 10.40 P. M. The investigator counted 5 inmates. The name of the madame is Rosie; proprietor, X 94. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Ethel, Della, Josie and Maria.

March 14, 1912. 12.30 A. M. The investigator was taken to this place by X 95. This place is running very quietly.

May 14, 1912. X 96 and his brother, X 94, are partners in the house.

June 12, 1912. The name of an inmate on this date is X 97. The name of the owner of this property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 98.

* * *

X 99. West 40th Street-a one-dollar house.

February 1, 1912. 11.30 P. M. The investigator saw men go in and out of this place. He was unable to gain admittance.

February 13, 1912. 10.00 P. M. The investigator saw five men enter in half an hour.

February 16, 1912. 10.00 P. M. The investigator counted 2 inmates and estimated 8. The madame's name is Rosie. The proprietor of the place is X 100. The name of the owner of the property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 101.

* * *

X 102. West 40th Street.

February 1, 1912. X 103, partner of X 44, has practised prostitution and run houses for ten years.

February 6, 1912. The investigator counted 12 inmates. The proprietors are X 44 and X 103, who also acts as housekeeper. X 44 hangs out at X 104.

April 27, 1912. 9.00 P. M. The investigator counted 5 inmates and estimated 6. The price of the house is $2 and $5. Drinks are sold-$2 for an ordinary round, and $5 for a quart of champagne. The name of the madame is X 105. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Mignon, Lucy, Emma and Fifi. The name of a man connected with the house is X 106. The owner of the property is X 108.

* * *

APPENDIX X

TENEMENTS: ADDITIONAL DATA

(a) SOLICITING

February 24, 1912, investigator visited a cider stube in a tenement building at X 128, St. Mark's Place. A waitress solicited him to enter a rear room for immoral purposes. The woman who conducts this stube is X 127, this being the name of the woman mentioned in the letter quoted in Chapter II. The investigator says in his report that X 127 was formerly with X 126 at X 125, East 5th Street.

There are 13 families living at X 128, St. Mark's Place. In these families are 7 boys under 16 and 14 girls under 16. Five single young men and 3 single young women over 16 also live in this tenement house.

On February 21, 1812, between 7 and 8 P. M., investigator was solicited by a waitress in a cider stube in a tenement at X 129, East 6th Street. The stube is in the basement and the proprietress said she would send out for a young girl, but as she had previously been in trouble because of a 15 year old girl, she did not want to take another chance.

There are 38 families living at this address, with 20 boys and 20 girls all under 16 years of age. Seven single men and 9 single women over 16 also live in this tenement.

X 130 lives at X 131, West 102nd Street, with a friend who has a furnished apartment. The janitress is named X 132, and X 130 says she does not pay any attention to what goes on in the tenement so long as the girls do not become too bold. Some of the prostitutes have been in his tenement as long as 10 years.

X 130 is a chorus girl during the regular season. She has been with several well known companies.

X 133 is the janitor at X 134, West 28th Street. Four street walkers bring men to their rooms in this building for immoral purposes. One of these women said that they each paid $5 per week to the janitor for the privilege of using their rooms in this way. The janitor has a family consisting of his wife and three children. One boy is 10 and the eldest girl 17 years of age.

On February 13, 1912, between 3.30 and 4.30 P. M., two colored girls who appeared to be 17 and 18 years of age respectively were soliciting men on the street to enter a tenement house at X 136, West 40th Street. The children from Public School No. X 137, a short distance away, were playing along the street on their way home. The colored girls were particularly insistent and talked in loud tones intermingled with vile remarks and oaths. Some of the children who did not appear to be more than 10 or 11 years old noticed the two colored girls and laughed at them, pointing their fingers.

Seven colored families live in this tenement. The prostitutes who solicited offered to reduce the price to 50 cents if the hallway were used. On March 4, 1912, a colored girl entered the hallway with a white man. The conditions in this building are extremely unsanitary. The hallways are dark and full of odors, the stairs in a state of dilapidation.

X 138 and a younger girl rented two rooms in a tenement at X 139, East 122nd Street. On January 30, 1912, about 9.15 P. M., X 138 solicited the investigator on the street to accompany her to this tenement for immoral purposes. The girls paid $4 per week for the rooms and the landlord had told X 138 that they could bring men into the house if they desired. A man by the name of Louis has tried several times to induce X 138 to enter a house of prostitution. "This man," said the girl, "is a swell dresser and wears diamonds." He even went so far one night as to impersonate a detective and threatened to arrest her for soliciting on the street, thinking in this way to frighten her into complying with his request. X 138 said that he receives $50 for every girl he secures for houses.

The investigator called at this address again on February 1 for the purpose of talking further with X 138 and tried to obtain a description of the procurer of whom she spoke. The hour was 5 P. M. As he entered the hallway a boy about 11 or 12 years of age asked him whom he wanted to see. "Mrs. X 140 has been out and so has Mrs. X 141," said the boy, "and now there are only two w-- on the top floor." Four families live at this address, in which there are 2 boys and 1 girl under 16.

Mrs. X 118 lives on the third floor of a tenement at X 117, West 58th Street. Mrs. X 118 has two daughters; one, a girl of 18, is divorced from her husband whom she met when her mother conducted a similar business on West 49th Street, and lives here with her mother. The other daughter, X 142, is 15 years of age. On February 24, 1912, about 1 A. M., investigator saw a young man talking to X 142 in the rear of the flat. X 118 said X 142 is attending a business school, but different young men who are customers declare that she works in a candy factory. One day a business man who had been a customer received a letter from X 118 urging him to call. He showed the letter to the investigator, and declared that X 142 had written it at the dictation of her mother who he knew could not write English. In fact, the writing was in an immature hand, and the letter poorly composed.

One of the inmates here, X 143, lives at X 144, East 94th Street and uses X 118 flat in which to meet two steady customers at stated intervals. She has been a clandestine prostitute for several months.

X 118 has a list of addresses of girls in a book which she keeps in her bureau. There are 10 families in this tenement. One of the tenants, a Mrs. X 145, told an investigator that on several occasions the police have been called into the house to stop the noise. She further said that the landlord, X 146, knows the character of some of the tenants and charges them high rentals.

(b) DIFFERENT INVESTIGATIONS OF SAME ADDRESS

As was the case with parlor houses, many tenements were investigated at different times in order to show that the business was systematically conducted:

X 147. Broadway.

July 27, 1912. X 155, prostitute, told the investigator she "answers calls for this place. $5. Wine sold."

July 30, 1912. X 154, prostitute, told the investigator she "receives men here, $5, $10, $20."

August 1, 1912. X 150, prostitute, told the investigator that "this place is owned by a colored woman; X 149-a, white woman has charge." Prices charged are $3, $5 and $10.

August 1, 1912. There are two apartments in X 147 Broadway owned by colored women. One, X 148, and her sister, X 149-a. These women have white girls conducting the resorts while they, the owners, keep in the background. One apartment, 3rd floor, inside, is operated under the name of X 149. The other is one or two flights above on the same side. Both send for girls supposed to be $3, $5, and $10.

August 8, 1912. 10 P. M. Business and residential district. Six story red brick building. Madame X 148. The investigator counted 2 inmates. Price $5. Girls get half. Drinks $5. Inmates wear gowns and claim to have health certificates. Names of inmates, Stella and Ellen. Girls claim to pay weekly board of $15. Rent paid is $105.

August 15, 1912. X 152, prostitute, told the investigator she "takes friends here."

August 29, 1912. X 156, prostitute, told the investigator she "meets many a good man through this house. Two other apartments here where I see men."

August 29, 1912. X 156, prostitute, told the investigator she "makes many a dollar right in the house. Four good places here."

* * *

X 157. West 27th Street.

February 6, 1912. 8.30-9 P. M. Investigator reports this former house of prostitution now occupied by families.

March 18, 1912. 2:30 P. M. Investigator solicited by inmate Blanche on 27th Street and Seventh Avenue and went to her apartment one flight up, east. Counted two inmates. Price of place $1. Names of inmates, Blanche (madame) and Bella. Name of owner of property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 158.

* * *

X 159. West 28th Street.

March 5, 1912. 9.50 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers accosting men in the vicinity and using the premises for purposes of prostitution. Investigator was solicited by one, Jennie, to enter premises. Price of woman and room $1. Owner of this property as given by the tax book for 1912 is X 161. The previous owner was X 162.

Reports from other sources:

Tenement house, double family tenement, janitor giving women privileges after 10 P. M. for a weekly consideration. A procurer by the name of X 163 living on the premises has shipped his girl Rosie to Pittsburg, Pa., into a disorderly house there.

February 1, 1912. Flat house for street walkers.

Tenement House Department report, June 18, 1909. Disorderly house, prostitution alleged, no basis. July 2, 1909: Disorderly house, prostitution alleged, no basis.

* * *

X 164. West 28th Street.

February 8, 1912. Investigator reports prostitution discontinued here.

March 17, 1912. Tenement house inhabited by about 10 families. 12.15 A. M. Investigator solicited by two French women on street near the stoop of premises to enter this house. Price of women $1. Soliciting from street and windows. Owner of property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 165.

Reports from other sources:

February 1, 1912. Ground floor, French flats. Almost on every floor "business" is carried on.

Tenement House Department report, January 8, 1910. Disorderly house, second floor. Cause of complaint removed.

Police report June 18, 1909. Disorderly house, prostitution alleged. No basis.

August 19, 1912. Prostitution is practised in this house. Rosie, prostitute, resides in a flat one flight up, and a woman named X 166, also a prostitute, lives on the floor above Rosie. The investigator was solicited from the window of this house.

* * *

X 167. West 29th Street.

March 24, 1912. 8.30 P. M. Investigator was solicited by several colored women in front of this address to come to their rooms. Counted five women soliciting. Price of women 50 cents. Owner of the property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 168.

Reports from other sources:

Tenement. Some apartments occupied by prostitutes.

* * *

X 169. West 29th Street.

March 9, 1912. Investigator reported about eight families and eight children in this building, mostly colored. House appeared all right at this visit.

Reports from other sources:

February 1, 1912. Some apartments occupied by prostitutes.

Tenement House Department report, March 9, 1910: Disorderly house. Fourth floor, front, west, X 170. No action necessary. Police report.

* * *

X 171. West 29th Street.

February 2, 1912. A colored woman named X 172 lives in this house and keeps girls. She lately moved from X 173 when X 174 (well known to investigator) was her pimp.

March 4, 1912. Investigator visited this building. Estimated seven families, mostly colored, living here. Saw two suspicious women on first floor. Owner of this property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 175.

Reports from other sources:

Tenement House Department. February 8, 1910. Disorderly house, basement. Cause of complaint removed.

Police report. February 24, 1910. Disorderly house, basement, east side, front. X 176, cause of complaint removed.

Police report. November 9, 1911. Disorderly house. Prostitution alleged. Cause of complaint removed.

* * *

X 177. West 29th Street.

April 19, 1912. A prostitute, X 178, lives at this address and uses her apartments for immoral purposes.

June 19, 1912. 1.10 A. M. Investigator solicited on street by colored women to go to apartment in this building. Price of women 50 cents.

Reports from other sources:

Tenement House Department. November 9, 1911. Disorderly house, prostitution alleged. Cause of complaint removed.

Police report. January 27, 1909. Disorderly house, second floor, front, west. X 179. Cause of complaint removed.

Police report. April 13, 1909. Disorderly house, rear, second floor, east. X 180 and X 181. Cause of complaint removed.

* * *

X 182. West 29th Street.

February 6, 1912. Investigator reports this a tenement occupied by colored families and prostitutes. On third floor, east, X 172, who is a maid in the house of prostitution at X 183, is a prostitute and has had a white man living with her for several months. Investigator visited her apartment with this man and was solicited by X 172 to stay with her. Two other women were in the rear room at the time.

March 4, 1912. Investigator reports about six families (Italian and colored) in this tenement. Suspicious women on third floor, among them X 184, a widow.

March 9, 1912. Investigator reports building mostly occupied by colored people. Two suspicious women on fifth floor.

Reports from other sources:

Tenement House Department. July 25, 1910. Disorderly house, third floor, X 200. Cause of complaint removed.

Police report and police officer. November 9, 1911. Disorderly house, prostitution alleged. No action necessary.

December 26, 1911. Disorderly house, prostitution alleged, second floor, west, cause of complaint removed.

* * *

X 185. West 30th Street.

February 2, 1912. 6.30 P. M. Investigator saw men entering this place.

March 4, 1912. Investigator reported three families living here. House appeared quiet.

August 21, 1912. Investigator reports some of the rooms evidently used by street walkers. Outside door locked.

Reports from other sources:

February 1, 1912. Bed house.

* * *

X 186. West 37th Street.

March 18, 1912. 4.40 P. M. Investigator counted 6 inmates, all colored. He was solicited on 37th Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues to enter premises. Price 50 cents. Names of inmates, Hannah and Eliza.

May 1, 1912. 5 A. M. Investigator was solicited to go to second floor of this building by two colored prostitutes standing on the steps of this building. Price 50 cents.

August 24, 1912. Colored prostitutes solicit here day and night from windows of this house and on street in front. Thieves and pimps hang out on corner. Name of owner of this property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 187.

Reports from other sources:

Tenement House. Colored women carry on business at all hours of the day and night with the purpose of robbery chiefly in view.

August 17, 1912. Place occupied by colored prostitutes. Saw them soliciting from windows on all floors of this building.

* * *

APPENDIX XI

HOTELS: ADDITIONAL DATA

X 214. Sixth Avenue.

February 8, 1912. 10.30 P. M. Investigator solicited to go here by prostitute; price $1.

Investigator solicited by prostitute in front of this hotel to enter premises, March 11, 1912. 9.20 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers in vicinity of this hotel. He was solicited by prostitutes in front of place; price of woman $2, price of room $1 to $2.

March 18, 1912. 12 M. Investigator counted 4 street walkers loitering in the vicinity of this hotel. He was solicited by one of them to enter this place. Price $2, price of room $1.50.

March 23, 1912. 7.30 P. M. Investigator counted 8 street walkers loitering on Sixth Avenue, in the vicinity of this hotel. He was solicited by one on the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter this hotel. A police officer stood across the street at the time. Price $2, price of room $1.50 to $2.

May 4, 1912. 3 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers loitering in vicinity of this hotel, on Sixth Avenue. All approached men. He was solicited on the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street by a prostitute to enter this hotel. Price $2, price of room $2. A police officer stood across the street at the time investigator was solicited.

The investigator stood near the entrance of this hotel for 30 minutes and saw 6 women whom he believed to be prostitutes enter the hotel with men. It is said on good authority that the receipts in this hotel on Saturday nights were as high as $400.

May 6, 1912. 5 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers loitering in vicinity of this hotel on Sixth Avenue. All approached men. He was solicited by one of these in front of the hotel to enter the premises. Price $2, room $2.

May 9, 1912. 7 P. M. Investigator counted 4 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one to enter the premises. Price $2, price of room $2.

May 13, 1912. 6.30 P. M. Investigator counted 4 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All of these women approached men. He was solicited by one in front of the hotel to enter premises. Price $2, price of room $2.

May 22, 1912. 7.15 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue, in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. One of the women solicited him on the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter the premises.

May 28, 1912. 12 P. M. Investigator counted 7 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited to enter the premises. Police officer was in sight at the time of solicitation.

May 30, 1912. 6.30 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter the premises.

June 3, 1912. 2 P. M. Investigator counted 4 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All of these women approached men. He was solicited by one within 100 feet of an officer at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter the premises. Price $2, room $2.

June 7, 1912. 2 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises.

June 10, 1912. 2 P. M. Investigator counted 7 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one of these women at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter the premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2. Officer was in sight at the time of solicitation.

The following prostitutes are among those who use this hotel for immoral purposes:

May 22, 1912, Lena X 219.

May 28, 1912, Christie X 218.

May 31, 1912, Rosie X 217.

June 26, 1912, Becky X 220.

July 15, 1912, Annie X 222.

August 2, 1912, Rosie X 221.

August 15, 1912, Anna X 212.

August 15, 1912, Betty X 216.

August 16, 1912, Gussie X 223.

Reports from other sources:

Reported owners are X 224, X 225 and X 226. C X 227, manager.

Proprietors are X 28, X 225 and X 229. Dive of worst kind.

The premises also appear under the address -- W. -- Street. Bed house.

February 1, 1912. Bed house.

August 19, 1912. This place is a noted assignation hotel.

* * *

X 230. West 35th Street.

February 13, 1912. 11.15 P. M. Investigator counted 3 street walkers in vicinity of this hotel. He was solicited to enter premises by a prostitute at the corner of Broadway and -- Street. Price of room $1. He also saw four couples enter here in half an hour, the women being street walkers. Saw prostitute pick up a man on Seventh Avenue and take him to premises.

February 15, 1912. 9.00 P. M. Investigator was solicited by a street walker on Broadway between 35th and 40th Streets to enter premises.

February 20, 1912. 2.00 P. M. Clerk of this hotel sentenced to two months' imprisonment. It is said the proprietor is a fugitive from justice.

April 10, 1912. Investigator met men who appeared to be cadets near premises. Hotel said to be run by X 231. The proprietor is said to be X 225.

April 26, 1912. 1.00 A. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $3. Price of room $2. This woman lives at X 238, West 34th Street. X 232 is the rebate clerk at this hotel, and this duty takes up his whole time.

May 3, 1912. Investigator counted three street walkers on south side of -- Street towards Broadway. Two stopped men. Investigator was solicited by one to enter premises. Price of woman $2, room $2.

May 6, 1912. 11.00-12.00 P. M. Investigator counted 10 street walkers in the entrance to this hotel and in the doorways near-by. Four approached men. Investigator was solicited by one on the street near the hotel to enter premises. Price of woman $2, room $2. Investigator saw 5 suspicious couples enter this hotel in half an hour and 3 girls unescorted. Men lookouts in doorways across the street.

May 9, 1912. 7.45 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All accosted men. He was solicited by one, in sight of an officer across the street, to enter the premises. Price of woman $2, room $2.

May 11, 1912. 2.00 A. M. Investigator counted fifteen street walkers on Broadway between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by three of these prostitutes to enter premises. Price of women $2, $3; price of room $1, $1.50.

May 15, 1912. 6.50 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 18, 1912. 1.30 A. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on -- Street near Broadway. Three accosted men. Investigator was solicited by one on the southwest corner of -- Street and Broadway to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2. The name of the woman who solicited the investigator is Blanche X 233; she lives with her pimp at X 239, West 38th Street, third floor.

May 20, 1912. 7.10 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. An officer passed by them during this solicitation. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 23, 1912. 7.15 P. M. Investigator counted 4 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 29, 1912. 7.45 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street within 100 feet of an officer to enter premises.

May 31, 1912. 8.00 P. M. Investigator counted 8 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street within sight of an officer to enter premises.

June 1, 1912. 8.00 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $3, price of room $2. Investigator talked with X 231, part owner in this hotel. He complained about business, saying it was "too hot."

June 4, 1912. 7.35 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 7, 1912. 7.30 P. M. Investigator counted six street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street, within sight of an officer, to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 8, 1912. 8.15 P. M. Investigator counted 13 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between 34th and 40th Streets. All approached men. The investigator was solicited twice, once within sight of an officer, to enter the premises of this hotel. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 11, 1912. 8.15 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street, within 200 feet of an officer, to enter premises. Price of woman $3, price of room $2.

June 15, 1912. 8.00 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Seventh Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Seventh Avenue and -- Street, within sight of an officer, to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 17, 1912. 8.30 P. M. Investigator was solicited by a street walker on Sixth Avenue near -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2. The following prostitutes are among those who frequent and use this hotel for immoral purposes:

May 25, 1912, Anna X 234.

May 28, 1912, Sarah X 235.

May 31, 1912, Louise X 236.

June 6, 1912, May X 237.

Reports from other sources:

August 19, 1912. Notorious assignation hotel.

* * *

X 215. West 28th Street.

February 7, 1912. 11.00 P. M. Investigator solicited to enter premises.

February 7, 1912. 9.15-9.30 P. M. Investigator solicited at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $1. Price of room $1.50.

February 7, 1912. 1.15 P. M. Investigator was solicited by street walker on Sixth Avenue near -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $1. Price of room $1.50.

February 7, 1912. 1.15 P. M. Investigator solicited by a prostitute on 28th Street to enter the premises. Price of woman $1, price of room $1.

February 7, 1912. Evening. Investigator asked clerk price of room for himself and was told $2.50, a prohibitive rate.

February 10, 1912. 8.30 P. M. Investigator solicited by prostitute to enter premises.

February 19, 1912. 2.00 A. M. Investigator solicited by street walker on Broadway between 31st and 32nd Streets to enter premises. Price of woman $3 for the rest of the night. Price of room $1.

March 11, 1912. 9.20 P. M. Investigator counted 9 street walkers within 50 feet of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one of the prostitutes at the entrance of the hotel to enter the premises. Price of woman $2. Price of room $1.50.

March 11, 1912. 11.25 P. M. Investigator counted 2 street walkers at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street in the vicinity of this hotel. He was solicited by one to enter premises. Price of woman $3, price of room $1.50.

March 11, 1912. 9.00 P. M. Investigator counted 9 street walkers in the vicinity of this hotel. He was solicited by one on the west side of Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $1.50.

May 1, 1912. 3.30 P. M. Investigator counted 11 street walkers on Sixth Avenue in the vicinity of this hotel. Three approached men. Investigator was solicited by one on Sixth Avenue within sight of an officer to enter premises. Price of woman $1. Price of room $1.

May 1, 1912. 2.00 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter the premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 8, 1912. 5.00 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 13, 1912. 6.45 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 15, 1912. A man sold obscene photographs in the toilet room of this hotel. He had a bundle of such pictures.

May 15, 1912. 5.30 P. M. Investigator counted 4 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets, in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 23, 1912. 11.00 A. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of room $2, price of woman $2.

May 24, 1912. 11.00 A. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one within sight of an officer at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

May 31, 1912. 1.30 P. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 1, 1912. 1.30 A. M. Investigator counted 7 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. Six of these women approached men. Investigator was solicited by one of them at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street within sight of an officer, to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 4, 1912. 10.45 A. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets in the vicinity of this hotel. All approached men. He was solicited by one within sight of an officer at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 6, 1912. 1.30 P. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street within sight of an officer, to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

June 8, 1912. 11.30 A. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $1.50.

June 13, 1912. 11.30 A. M. Investigator counted 5 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street, within sight of an officer, to enter premises. Price $3 for woman, price of room $2.

June 15, 1912. 11.30 A. M. Investigator counted 6 street walkers on Sixth Avenue between -- and -- Streets. All approached men. He was solicited by one at the corner of Sixth Avenue and -- Street, within sight of an officer, to enter premises. Price of woman $2, price of room $2.

The following prostitutes are among those who frequent this hotel for immoral purposes:

April 24, 1912, Laura X 240.

July 29, 1912, Mamie X 241.

August 2, 1912, Marion X 244.

August 12, 1912, Kate X 243.

August 15, 1912, Anna X 212.

August 15, 1912, Betty X 216.

August 15, 1912, Mrs. K. X 242.

August 16, 1912, Gussie X 223.

Reports from other sources:

Bed House. Hotel and disorderly house. Proprietor X 245. License issued in the name of X 245-a. One of the worst places in the city. X 245 is manager.

February 1, 1912. Bed house, hotel and disorderly house; proprietor X 245, license issued in the name of X 245-a. X 245 is manager.

August 19, 1912. A notorious assignation place.

* * *

APPENDIX XII

SALOONS: ADDITIONAL DATA

February 2, 1912. A man entered the rear room of saloon X 275. With him was a porter from a house of prostitution at X 173, West 27th Street. Prostitutes here were especially vulgar and obscene. A waiter in this place, named X 277, knew the prostitutes by name and encouraged the men to sit at the tables with these women and treat them to drinks. The proprietor, named X 278, also attempted to "drum up" trade between the prostitutes and the men.

February 4, 1912. Between the hours of 7.15 and 10 P. M. the same conditions prevailed with variations. One prostitute who was intoxicated exposed herself. The waiter did not offer any objections to this exhibition.

May 1, 1912. At 12 P. M. a stranger entered the rear room of saloon at X 279, West 42nd Street. The waiters appeared to be familiar with certain girls who were unescorted.

May 23, 1912. 2 P. M. A special officer attached to a notorious saloon and dance hall accompanied a man to this place. He told him it was a resort for pimps, pickpockets, cheap crooks and prostitutes. The dancing on this evening was vulgar and obscene. There were several young girls present between 17 and 20 years of age who gave vile exhibitions. At 3 A. M., six pimps invited the man to go to a saloon at X 280, Seventh Avenue. When they reached this place the pimps talked to several prostitutes. One of these girls was called May. While the young man sat at the table with one of these women, she attempted to steal a $2 bill from one of his pockets. When he remonstrated one of the pimps called to his five companions and said, "Come on, fellows, let's go through him." When they found the man did not have any more money they threw him out of the door and jostled him on the sidewalk. The man threatened to call a policeman who was standing on the opposite side of the street and they laughed, saying, "Go ahead, call the cop and see if he will come over." The man yelled "police" three or four times and the pimps said, "Holler louder, he won't bother us, we stand in."

June 6, 1912. 2.30 A. M. Thirteen girls were sitting at the tables in the rear room. Jack X 281, a waiter in this resort, who lives at X 282, Second Avenue, stated that the boss, Joe X 283, has a small room in the rear where a few of his friends play cards and "roll" dice.

* * *

February 20, 1912. 2 A. M. Concert hall at X 288, West 39th Street. Manager is X 289. The door at this house is guarded by George X 290. A chain on the door. The dances were vulgar and obscene. Carrie X 291 solicited a man to go to a furnished room at X 292 West 39th Street, A pickpocket stole a watch, a stickpin, and $9 in money from one of the men in the place.

February 24, 1912. 3.50 A. M. During the night there were over 100 men and 16 white and colored prostitutes at the tables. A negro named Albert X 293 pointed out the proprietor, whose name is X 294.

April 11, 1912. 4 A. M. Same conditions prevail.

April 19, 1912. 4.30 A. M. Same conditions prevail.

* * *

March 29, 1912. Saloon at X 848, Sixth Avenue. It is said that X 849, the manager of this place, bails out the girls who solicit in his saloon. X 850, living at -- West 96th Street said that madames send to this rear room for girls. Following are some of the girls who solicit in this saloon: Hope X 852, May X 853, Bessie X 854, Elizabeth X 855, X 856, Nellie X 857, Mattie X 858, Marie X 859, and X 877.

May 16, 1912. Twenty unescorted women counted in the rear room. Several girls solicited investigator to go to the X 860 hotel at -- Sixth Avenue, to the X 861 Hotel at -- Sixth Avenue, and to different flats.

June 3, 1912. 9.15 P. M. Fifteen unescorted women in this rear room. Two women from this saloon solicited men to go to the X 862 Hotel, -- Sixth Avenue.

July 25, 1912. Nine unescorted women, among them being Ellen X 863 and Mildred X 864.

July 27, 1912. Seven unescorted women. One of these is Catherine X 865.

August 14, 1912. May X 866 soliciting in the rear room.

August 15, 1912. 9. P. M. Nine unescorted women. Dancing was vulgar.

August 28, 1912. Eleven unescorted women. One of these was Lottie X 850, who said she had been soliciting in this rear room for years.

August 30, 1912. Seventeen unescorted women. One of these is Beatrice X 867.

September 24, 1912. Lottie X 850 was again in this rear room with others, among whom was Cora X 868.

September 26, 1912. Fifteen unescorted women. One of these was Sue X 869.

October 5, 1912. Four unescorted women. One of these by the name of May X 870 said that she had been coming to this place for 15 years or more.

October 9, 1912. Among the seventeen unescorted women was Lottie X 850, previously mentioned.

October 11, 1912. Nine unescorted women. One of these was Rose X 871.

October 30, 1912. Several unescorted women. Four left the saloon with men. One of the women was Anna X 872.

November 1, 1912. Lottie X 850 was again in this saloon with other unescorted women.

November 4, 1912. Eleven unescorted women. One named Mamie X 873 said, "I have my steady friends come here-they know where to find me." Another girl was Celia X 874.

November 19, 1912. Eleven unescorted women. One of these was Lena X 875, another Clara X 876.

Previous records:

Proprietors of this place have given cash bond.

Concert place and saloon. Women gather here to solicit trade, without interference from the management.

January 26, 1912. Between 6.30 and 8.30 P. M. X 878, East 14th Street. Number of unescorted women in the rear room. Waiters assist girls in finding customers. One of the women named X 877 solicited investigator to go to X 893 Hotel at -- Third Avenue.

February 2, 1912. 11.05 P. M. Twenty unescorted women in rear room. Many solicited investigator to go to hotel.

April 8, 1912. During the evening eleven unescorted women sat at separate tables. One prostitute said she would go to a hotel for $2.

May 14, 1912. May X 879, living at -- East 13th Street, was soliciting in this rear room.

May 20, 1912. Nine unescorted women. One of these was Annie X 880, known as X 880-a, living at -- East 15th Street.

May 25, 1912. The following prostitutes were seen in this place: Ida X 881, Annie X 882.

May 29, 1912. Lettie X 888 was soliciting in this rear room.

June 5, 1912. Seven unescorted women. One of these, Emma X 884, said that she meets some good men in this place. Another girl was Minnie X 885.

June 8, 1912. Pauline X 886 was engaged in soliciting in this rear room.

August 7, 1912. Three unescorted women. One of these was Emma X 887.

September 26, 1912. Five unescorted women. One of these was Rose X 888.

October 2, 1912. Five unescorted women. One of these was Mary X 889.

October 3, 1912. Mary X 889 was again in this saloon.

Previous records:

February 1, 1912. Café and rear room. Women enter without escorts and solicit men in this place.

January 13, 1912. The proprietor of this place has given cash bond.

* * *

February 13, 1912. 9 to 12 P. M. X 890, W. 40th Street. Ten unescorted women at the tables. Six of these women beckoned to investigator to come to their tables. A number of these girls have been seen soliciting on Broadway. During the evening 7 couples left this place and went to the Hotel X 891. At 12 P. M. on this date, X 892, a prostitute, solicited investigator to go to a hotel.

June 8, 1912. Number of unescorted women in this saloon.

Previous records:

This place is on the police list, alleged disorderly. Proprietor has given a cash bond.

* * *

APPENDIX XIII

MISCELLANEOUS PLACES: ADDITIONAL DATA

February 6, 1912. 3 A. M. Pool room and barber shop at X 300, West 28th Street. Conducted by two or three men who sell liquor without a license at 5 cents per glass. One of the customers in the place solicited a man to go to a house of prostitution at X 25, Sixth Avenue. The man's name is X 301.

A man by the name of X 302 conducts a pool parlor and cigar store at X 303, Second Avenue. A pimp named X 304, frequents this place. X 305, another pimp, was at this place on February 5, 1912.

About nine years ago a woman named Rosie X 306 opened a hair dressing parlor on Second Avenue. She now has the same kind of a parlor at X 307, Second Avenue. It is a rendezvous for prostitutes, and Rosie's husband is a bail bondsman for these women when they are arrested. Rosie sells these women dresses, hats, kimonos, feathers, and hair goods, either for cash or on the instalment plan. One of the methods used by X 306 to draw trade is to allow messages and mail for prostitutes and their pimps to be delivered at her parlor. One of the prostitutes is the wife of X 308. She is a street walker and also a shoplifter. Becky X 309 and her sister Sarah, who solicit on the Bowery, both go to Rosie's to have their hair dressed.

February 9, 1912. Twenty-five pimps, gamblers and crooks were in the restaurant at X 311, Second Avenue. The chief amusement of these men is gambling, playing such games as stuss, poker, and "klobiosh." These pimps receive at this place telephone messages from their women on the streets or in vice resorts, and make arrangements in connection with arrests and other deals. Among the pimps who were seen here at different times were Louis X 312, Harry X 313, Joe X 314, Sam X 315, Joe X 316, and Sam X 317.

* * *

APPENDIX XIV

SHIPPING WOMEN: ADDITIONAL DATA

X 47, alias X 47-a, who is part owner in X 46 West 25th Street, has had his woman in England, Russia, South Africa, Dallas, Texas, and Seattle, Washington. He travels back and forth between South Africa and New York.

X 431 took his woman, X 432, to Africa and China, and now has her in a house of prostitution in Texas, the city being either Dallas or Fort Worth.

X 316, alias X 316-a, alias X 316-b, sends his women out to western cities of this country.

X 433, a pimp, had a German girl for his woman and sent her to Denver, Colorado. She "threw him down" and now he has another girl named Ida, whom he broke into the business of prostitution. When she was in Philadelphia she is said to have made as much as $200 for him every week. He then sent her west. She returned, and he sent her west again.

X 434, the wife of X 435, a pimp, has been sent out west. One week she sent X 435 $150. Formerly she was with him in Portland, Oregon, Salt Lake City, Utah, and Billings, Montana.

X 402, alias X 402-a, has sent his woman to South Africa and to Brazil.

X 47-a took his wife, Ida, to South Africa seven years ago.

Ray, the wife of X 407, alias X 407-a, is now in Providence, Rhode Island, in a house of prostitution.

X 406, alias X 406-a, has just returned from Denver. X 436 once took her to Philadelphia; when the houses there were broken up and they were arrested, they "skipped" their bail.

X 410, owner of a house of prostitution, has sent his woman to South Africa, Philadelphia and St Louis. He has a house in Philadelphia, which is now conducted by one of his women, Rosie.

X 437, alias X 437-a, alias X 437-b, has sent his women to the western cities of this country. One of his women at the present time is X 438, alias X 438-a, alias X 438-b.

X 439, who is part owner of the house of prostitution at X 426, Sixth Avenue, has sent his woman Minnie to Alaska three times, and it is said that each time she came back with between $4,000 and $5,000, all of which she gave to him.

X 73, who is a part owner of the house of prostitution at X 67, West 25th Street, sent his girls to all the cities of the west-Seattle, Tacoma, Denver, San Francisco-and also to Philadelphia.

X 440, alias X 440-a, pimp, has traveled with several of his women all over the country. He is now located in Boston.

X 441 conducts a house of prostitution on Percy Street, Philadelphia.

X 442 conducts a house of prostitution in Paterson, New Jersey. X 443 and X 444 have sent girls to him there.

X 445, who is part owner in a house of prostitution at X 441, Montrose Avenue, Brooklyn, has sent his women to Omaha, Philadelphia and St. Louis. Lena, one of his girls, is now in Philadelphia; she has been in Omaha and St. Louis.

X 110 has conducted a house of prostitution in South Africa, and at present is interested in X 109, West 40th Street-a house of prostitution.

X 145-a, alias X 415, who is a part owner in X 416, West 36th Street, has been in South Africa, with his woman, from which place he went to Chicago.

X 34, partner in at least 11 houses of prostitution, has sent his woman, X 87, to Seattle, Tacoma, Portland, and other cities of the west. He also sent another woman, X 86, west over practically the same route.

X 69, who is partner with his brother, X 68, in the house of prostitution at X 78, West 27th Street, had a woman named Becky, whom he sent to the western cities of this country.

X 446 recently sent his woman to Stockton, California. She sent him $150 and he followed her to that city. Since then they have been in Seattle, San Francisco, and other western cities. In going from one city to another with his woman, X 446 was apprehended by the authorities and sentenced to one year in prison.

X 429, who hangs out at X 400, Second Avenue, sent his woman to El Paso, Texas. The immigration authorities arrested her and are at this writing still holding her. X 429 also has a girl in Buenos Ayres at the present time.

X 447 has had his girl in San Diego, Denver, Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania. At the present time she is in California.

X 448, who owns X 499, East 13th Street, has been in houses of prostitution in San Francisco and Seattle.

X 450, who is now in New Orleans, had his girl there. She is now in New York City with a return ticket to New Orleans.

X 451, who now has X 452 as his woman, has sent women to houses of prostitution in New Orleans, Fort Worth, and Houston. X 452 lately returned from Texas.

X 424, alias X 424-a, has left with his woman for South Africa.

X 387, alias X 387-a, part owner of X 425, West 28th Street with his brother, X 424, alias X 424-a, had his wife in a house in South Africa, where he ran houses of prostitution.

X 453, alias X 453-a, has sent his woman Jennie to houses of prostitution in Denver, Spokane, Seattle, Tacoma and other western cities. She was in Denver four months ago. When in Spokane it is said she made $2,700 in two or three months.

X 443, alias X 443-a, has taken his woman Becky to Philadelphia. It is now supposed that she is either in Globe, Arizona or Havana, Cuba.

X 454 has a girl in New Orleans; she left him when he took a married woman to that city. X 454 has another girl named Rosie in a city in the west.

X 455 sent his girl Ida to Brazil, from whence she has returned. He is thinking of sending her back to Brazil.

X 328-a has a girl Sophia in New Orleans. She is about 24 or 25 years of age, 5 feet 6 inches tall, weighs about 135 pounds, dark hair, was born in Russia and has been in the United States about 7 or 8 years.

X 428 has had two women. One woman left him. The other woman is in Panama and he expects her back soon. He has had her in houses of prostitution in Chicago, New Orleans, Brazil and Panama.

X 385 had a woman whom he sent to Brazil. She returned, but with another pimp.

X 456 has been unfortunate. He sent three women west and lost all of them.

X 390 has sent his women to western cities to work in houses of prostitution four or five times.

He has also taken his girls to houses of prostitution in Chicago, and has one girl there at the present time.

X 453-a has had his woman Jennie in cities of the west three or four times. X 453-a is part owner in X 459, West 24th Street.

X 427, a pimp, sent his woman Fanny to Butte, Montana, about five weeks ago, from which place she sent him $150, the first week.

X 444 sent his woman to Panama five years ago and she left him.

X 314 has had his women in houses of prostitution in Seattle and Philadelphia.

X 460 has had his women in houses in Boston, Philadelphia and New Orleans.

X 461 has had his women in houses in Philadelphia and Boston.

X 439, partner in X 426, Sixth Avenue, a house of prostitution, sent his woman Ida to Tacoma, Washington. For a protracted period she is said to have sent him $100 every week.

* * *

INDEX

Amusement Parks, 75.

Business of Prostitution, 112;

Receipts, 126-133.

Cadet, 87.

Call Houses in Tenements, 29.

Census, Tenements, 26.

Chicago Vice Commission, 111.

Cider Stubes in Tenements, 30.

Conditions in 1907, 10.

Concert Halls in Amusement Parks, 75.

Committee of Fourteen, 34.

Correctional Work, 267.

Customers, 13, 108, 111.

Dance Halls, 67, 76.

Davis, Katharine Bement, 163.

District Attorney, 123.

Excursion Boats, 73.

Exploiters, The, 77, etc.

Fifty-cent Houses, 16, etc.

Five and Ten Dollar Houses, 42, etc.

Hotels, Disorderly, 33 etc.; Appendix XI.

Independent Benevolent Association, 41.

Inmates, Numbers of, Appendix III.

Investigators' Reports, 140-142.

Investigation, Period of, 4.

Key, Explanation of, 7.

Law, Tenement House, 24.

Leasing Property, 113.

Lighthouse, 7.

Liquor Licenses, Revocation of, 161;

Sale of in Vice Resorts, 15.

Lookouts, 12.

Madames, 92, etc.

Massage Parlors, 45, etc.

Medical Certificates, 9.

Miscellaneous Places, 59; Appendix XIII.

Morals Survey Committee, 111.

One Dollar Houses, 17, etc.

Owners of Houses, etc., 77;

of Property, 114.

Parks, 73.

Parlor Houses, 4, etc.; Appendix IX.

Pimps, 64, 87.

Places which Cater to Vice, 52; Appendix II.

Police Precincts, Reports of Police on, 138-139.

Police Rules and Regulations, 137; Appendix VIII.

Police Commissioner, 123.

Prevention Agencies, 253, etc.

Procurers, 85.

Prostitutes, Professional in Manhattan, 100;

personal histories, 101;

birthplaces, 101, 102, 198, 199, 243;

nationality of parents, 200-203;

previous occupations, 102, 103, 112, 231, 247;

reasons for entering life, 103, 225, 241, 249;

salaries in occupations, 105, 106, 210, 234;

age of first sexual offense, 106, 216, 224, 232;

age when entering life, 107, 245;

length of time in business, 108;

earnings from prostitution, 222, 239, 246;

committed to Bedford Reformatory, 163.

Prostitution, the Police and the Law, 137.

Public Parks, 76.

Reformation Work, 258.

Renting Property, 113, 114.

Runners, 12.

Saloons, Disorderly, 53; Appendix XII.

Shares, Trading in, 118.

Shipping Women, 85; Appendix XIV.

Social Evil in Chicago, Report on, 111.

Special Sessions, 160, 161.

Stars in Parlor Houses, 7.

State Reformatory at Bedford Hill, 163, etc., 267.

Stolen Goods, Buyers of, 97.

Streets, Soliciting, 65; Appendix VII.

Street Walkers, Receipts of, 121.

Tenements, Vice Resorts in, 24; Appendix V, Appendix X;

department records, 144.

Trading in Shares, 118.

Venereal Diseases in New York City Hospitals, 134-136;

at Bedford Reformatory, 188, etc.;

other institutions, 240.

Vice Resorts in Parlor Houses, 3;

in Tenements, 24;

Massage Parlors, 45.

Watchboys, 12.

White Slaves, 85.

* * *

Footnotes:

[1] Attention is called to the fact that the vice resorts described in the following pages are all situated in Manhattan, this being the only section of Greater New York considered in the present investigation.

[2] All statements made on the basis of our investigation are to be understood as of this period. There is no implication as to conditions before or after those dates. Where a statement under any other date is intended, that fact is noted. This caution applies to the entire book and will not be repeated.

[3] See Chapter II.

[4] See Chapter IV.

[5] X 2. The foregoing sign is the key by which the woman referred to can be identified in our records. At this point, I shall explain once for all a system which will be continued throughout this book. The persons, places, and exhibits mentioned or referred to in the text are invariably definite and concrete. A complete register of them has been made, each item being lettered and numbered. The sign X 2 in the present instance enables the writer promptly to put his finger on the name, address, etc., of the person designated. This is equally true of all future references similarly indicated.

[6] For additional samples, see Chapter VI.

[7] Among our exhibits are several business cards belonging to the physicians here alluded to.

[8] X 461.

[9] X 1.

[10] X 473.

[11] X 415-a.

[12] Discharging his present doctor, X 474.

[13] For details and results, see Chapter VII.

[14] Among them X 189, X 470, X 472.

[15] Among the cabmen who are active in promoting this business are X 85, Joe X 22, Louis X 24, X 483, X 484, X 485, X 486, X 487, X 488, and X 489. As a rule the men do not own their cabs, but hire them by the day or night from proprietors of livery stables. In any case, they are supposed to have a license, which costs fifty cents per year.

[16] X 490.

[17] At 10.40 P. M., on March 25, 1912, the bartender in a saloon on Manhattan Avenue suggested to a man that he visit an apartment in a tenement house at (X 475) West 111th Street. A waiter in a disorderly saloon at (X 476) Seventh Avenue endeavored to persuade a man in the rear room to go to a house on the second floor of a building at (X 147) Broadway. The waiter said there were three women in this resort and the price was only $5. Liquor was sold there at $2 per round.

[18] X 3.

[19] X 4.

[20] X 9

[21] X 11.

[22] X 12.

[23] X 13

[24] X 19.

[25] X 20.

[26] X 894.

[27] X 21

[28] X 22

[29] The event alluded to is the murder of a notorious gambler, which shortly resulted in a change of attitude on the subject under discussion. See Chapter VII.

[30] X 25

[31] X 41

[32] X 59

[33] X 16

[34] Additional data, Parlor Houses, Appendix IX; also Appendix III, "Inmates of Vice Resorts."

[35] Including apartment houses.

[36] X 112, X 113, X 114.

[37] X 115.

[38] X 117, X 118.

[39] The original copy of this letter is on file. The woman's name and address are X 119, X 120.

[40] X 121.

[41] X 122.

[42] Bryant, X 124.

[43] X 123.

[44] X 125.

[45] X 126.

For further examples, the reader is referred to Appendix X, "Additional Data-Tenements."

[46] X 147.

[47] X 164.

[48] X 182.

[49] New York, A. H. Kellogg Co. (1910), p. 38.

[50] This $800 fee was imposed in Manhattan and the Bronx and was the rate established by the Raines Law at the time of its passage. The rate of $200 was the tax for saloons prior to the passage of the Raines Law.

[51] Report of The Committee of Fourteen, 1912.

[52] X 207.

[53] X 208.

[54] As to this and other hotels, repeated observation at different periods established the notorious character of the places. Corroborative evidence is collected in Appendix XI, "Additional Data, Hotels."

[55] X 253.

[56] X 261.

[57] X 262.

[58] X 246.

[59] X 248.

[60] X 247.

[61] X 250-a.

[62] X 250.

[63] X 251.

[64] X 251-a

[65] Wanted-Female.

[66] X 251-b.

[67] For a statistical summary of vice resorts, see Appendix I.

[68] "Christianizing the Social Order," p. 268.

[69] Mr. Arthur H. Gleason brought out this point in two articles under the title of "The Saloon in New York," published in Collier's Weekly, in the issues of April 25 and May 2, 1908.

[70] X 263.

[71] X 264, X 265.

[72] X 265.

[73] X 264.

[74] X 269.

[75] X 274.

[76] X 275.

[77] X 276.

[78] For additional illustrations see Appendix XII-"Additional Data-Saloons."

[79] X 108.

[80] X 295.

[81] X 296.

[82] X 297.

[83] A "line up" is the ruin of a girl who flirts with men and accepts their advances and immoral suggestions. Finally she yields to an invitation to visit a furnished room and the word quickly passes among the "gang." One by one the boys and men, perhaps only two or three, perhaps more, visit this room.

[84] By X 298 at X 299.

[85] X 298, X 299.

[86] For further illustrations, see Appendix XIII-"Additional Data-Miscellaneous Places."

[87] For detailed statistical statements respecting street-conditions, see Appendix VII, p. 281.

[88] X 318.

[89] X 319.

[90] X 320.

[91] X 321.

[92] X 322.

[93] X 328.

[94] X 330.

[95] X 320, X 320-a.

[96] Given by Club X 341.

[97] X 342.

[98] X 343.

[99] X 352.

[100] X 353.

[101] X 357.

[102] X 358.

[103] By the X 362 Club.

[104] X 368.

[105] X 369.

[106] X 370.

[107] X 374.

[108] X 373.

[109] X 376.

[110] For statistical details as to parks catering to prostitution, see Appendix II, "Summary of Resorts Catering to Vice."

[111] A "creep house" is a place where women take men to rob them.

[112] X 382.

[113] X 108-a.

[114] X 46.

[115] X 34.

[116] X 86, X 87.

[117] X 383.

[118] X 384.

[119] X 402.

[120] X 403.

[121] X 407.

[122] X 467.

[123] X 408.

[124] X 258, 409.

[125] X 73.

[126] X 414.

[127] X 416.

[128] X 421.

[129] X 311.

[130] X 68.

[131] X 426.

[132] For further details, see Appendix XIV, "Additional Data-Shipping Women."

[133] X 385.

[134] X 386.

[135] X 385-a.

[136] X 68, X 386-a, X 386, X 387, X 388, X 389.

[137] X 386, X 387.

[138] X 88, X 163, X 393, X 74.

[139] X 386.

[140] X 385.

[141] X 340.

[142] X 396.

[143] X 393.

[144] X 399.

[145] X 400.

[146] X 427.

[147] X 382-a.

[148] X 87.

[149] X 34.

[150] X 501.

[151] X 260.

[152] X 183.

[153] X 463.

[154] X 44.

[155] X 502.

[156] X 518.

[157] Kept by Madame X 519.

[158] X 116.

[159] X 520.

[160] X 50.

[161] X 108.

[162] X 540.

[163] X 51.

[164] X 46.

[165] X 17.

[166] X 59.

[167] Named X 522.

[168] X 507.

[169] X 493.

[170] By X 508.

[171] X 418, X 509.

[172] X 419.

[173] This expression means that the girls should be broken into the business in some private place, until they were fitted for the public houses.

[174] For statistical details, see Appendix III, "Inmates of Vice Resorts."

[175] See Chapter VIII.

[176] See Report on "Relation between Occupation and Criminality of Women," page 29, being Vol. XV of Report on Conditions of Women and Child Wage-Earners in the United States.

It is further to be remembered, in accounting for the disproportionate number of servants among those arrested, that, as Miss Jane Addams has pointed out, many of these girls have had such brief periods of domestic employment that they cannot fairly be reckoned in the servant class. They describe themselves as such merely in default of any other convenient term; they may have served for a few days here or there, but, strictly speaking, they have no calling at all.

[177] This statement is substantiated by the findings of a private investigation made in New York City during 1912.

[178] X 33 and X 9.

[179] X 541.

[180] X 545.

[181] See "The Social Evil in Chicago, Report of the Chicago Vice Commission," page 101.

[182] See "The Social Evil in Syracuse, N. Y., Report of the Morals Survey Committee," page 95.

[183] X 428.

[184] X 428-a.

[185] X 423.

[186] X 548.

[187] X 111, X 549, X 550.

[188] To X 110.

[189] X 47-a, X 408.

[190] X 12.

[191] X 554.

[192] X 552.

[193] X 462.

[194] X 387.

[195] X 463.

[196] X 465, 466.

[197] X 467, 468.

[198] X 469.

[199] X 109.

[200] X 562.

[201] X 563.

[202] X 564.

[203] X 565.

[204] The other two houses, making the 30 resorts later referred to under "Receipts," are operated by women.

[205] X 34.

[206] X 419.

[207] X 16.

[208] X 583.

[209] X 585.

[210] X 568.

[211] X 575.

[212] X 423.

[213] X 110.

[214] X 109.

[215] X 403.

[216] The houses and individuals involved in all the above transactions are identified in our records.

[217] The parties involved were X 72, X 586, X 69, X 415.

[218] The persons and places are X 407, X 67, X 59, X 72-a.

[219] X 73.

[220] X 72.

[221] Persons and places: X 417, X 403, X 69.

[222] X 751.

[223] The girl gets one-half, the house one-half.

[224] The effort is made to meet these expenses by the charge made for board-a charge paid by the inmates out of their "half."

[225] From this point to the end of the table, shops occupy the first floors of the buildings named.

[226] For itemized account of certain expenses, see Appendix VI, p. 280.

[227] For itemized account of certain expenses, see Appendix V, p. 279.

[228] For itemized statement of certain expenses, similarly obtained, see Appendix IV, p. 278.

[229] For Rules and Regulations made pursuant to charter provisions, see Appendix VIII, p. 283.

[230] This table was compiled for the Aldermanic Committee appointed to investigate the police department, which fact explains why the period does not coincide with that of our own investigations. The table is a matter of public record.

[231] In 40 of these cases, the complaint was dismissed as having "No basis." In 194 cases, the cause of complaint was removed, and in 8 cases no action was necessary. In 6 cases, a violation was held. Police made arrests in 153 of these cases.

[232] X 387, X 387-a, X 424-a, X 596.

[233] X 462.

[234] Among them X 598, X 599, X 600, X 601, X 602.

[235] X 603-604.

[236] The persons and places involved are: X 34, X 108, X 608, X 609, X 610, X 611, X 600, X 598, X 613.

[237] Persons and places involved: X 108, X 44, X 502, X 659, X 415, X 416, X 414, X 542, X 11, X 663, X 664, X 407, X 73, X 67.

[238] X 662.

[239] X 108.

[240] X 34.

[241] X 500.

[242] X 572.

[243] X 665, 666.

[244] X 670.

[245] X 671.

[246] X 672, X 673, X 674.

[247] X 26.

[248] X 9.

[249] X 685.

[250] X 691.

[251] X 116.

[252] X 519.

[253] The commander of the inspection district, X 653.

[254] X 691.

[255] X 108.

[256] Our investigators made frequent reports showing that street walkers and others repeatedly prosecuted their business under the eyes of police officers without interference.

[257] X 109.

[258] X 610.

[259] X 68.

[260] X 9.

[261] X 706.

[262] X 707.

[263] X 230.

[264] X 708.

[265] X 729.

[266] X 556, X 557.

[267] X 626.

[268] X 426.

[269] X 741.

[270] Owner X 34.

[271] X 311.

[272] X 658.

[273] X 34, 47, 413-a, 44, 705, 418, 387-a and 746.

[274] X 502, X 570, X 459.

[275] X 33, X 11, X 403.

[276] X 16.

[277] X 419.

[278] X 34.

[279] At X 108.

[280] X 587.

[281] X 778.

[282] X 33.

[283] X 419.

[284] X 93.

[285] X 781.

[286] X 34.

[287] X 610.

[288] X 598.

[289] These are indexed in our records as follows:

X 791 W. 26th Street, owners X 17 and X 34.

X 78 W. 27th Street, owners X 68 and X 69.

X 419 W. 28th Street, owners X 418, X 509, and X 34.

X 792 W. 29th Street, owners X 15.

X 16 W. 31st Street, owners X 34, and a woman.

X 254 W. 34th Street, owners X 793.

X 33 Sixth Avenue, owners X 34.

X 11 Sixth Avenue, owners X 542, X 705, and X 34's nephew and brother.

X 659 W. 40th Street, owners X 103 and X 44.

X 93 W. 40th Street, owners X 34.

X 582 W. 40th Street, owners X 408.

[290] X 17.

[291] X 59.

[292] X 16.

[293] X 415-a.

[294] X 804.

[295] X 12.

[296] X 67.

[297] X 415-a, X 34, X 633 were concerned in this alleged deal.

[298] X 608.

[299] X 587.

[300] X 108.

[301] X 832.

[302] X 833.

[303] The above data are derived from the report made by the Committee of Fourteen for 1912.

[304] For purposes of comparison studies were also made of 610 girls in 7 other New York city and state institutions and of 1106 street walkers. See pp. 197 etc.

[305] See Page 229.

[306] See Page No. 243.

[307] These tests were made by Dr. Archibald McNeil, of the Research Laboratory, Department of Health, New York City.

[308] All smears were prepared and examined in duplicate and were stained by Grams method, pure cultures of staphylococci and colon bacilli being used as controls. In one case the smear was positive and the complement fixation test for gonorrh?a was negative, but as a rule antibodies against the gonococcus do not appear in the blood during the acute stage of the disease, so it may frequently happen that we may have positive smears and negative complement fixation tests in recent cases. At a later period, however, the complement fixation test is almost invariably positive.

The complement fixation tests were all performed in duplicate as a check on any possible errors in technique. The anti-sheep h?molytic system with inactive sera was used with the alcoholic extract guinea pig heart for an antigen in the syphilis tests and an antigen prepared from ten varieties of gonococci was used in the tests for gonorrh?a.

All of the tests were made in sets of twelve, each set being fully controlled.

The blood specimens were unaccompanied by histories and the laboratory results were not in any way influenced by clinical findings.

[309] These percentages were taken from the combined results of the tests made at both incubator and ice box temperature.

[310] That is to say, the only girls who figure in the present study were girls who were before commitment engaged in prostitution in New York City.

[311] New York Tribune Almanac, 1912.

[312] New York City, 290 = 59.20%.

[313] Note: 7 cards, no information.

[314] Preliminary Bulletin issued by U. S. Census Bureau (Census of 1910) Dec. 29, 1911.

[315] See page 271.

[316] See Rules and Regulations of the Police Department, 1908, page 115.

[317] Ibid., page 115.

[318] Ibid., page 120.

[319] Ibid., page 130.

* * *

Transcriber's Notes:

Punctuation has been corrected without note.

Other than the corrections noted by hover information, inconsistencies in spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original.