A Complete Grammar of Esperanto

ia, any kind of (208).

ial (adv.), for any reason (213).

iam (adv.), ever, at any time, once (212).

-id-, suffix indicating descendant or young of (207).

ide-o, idea.

ideal-o, ideal.

ident-a, identical.

idiom-o, idiom.

idiot-o, idiot.

ie (adv.), somewhere (209).

iel (adv.), somehow (216).

ies (pronoun, possessive), somebody's (204).

-ig-, suffix forming causative verbs (214, 239, 275).

ignor-i, to ignore.

-i?-, suffix forming inchoative and intransitive verbs (232, 239, 279).

-il-, suffix forming names of instruments (63).

ili (pronoun), they (32, 37, 42).

ilustr-i, to illustrate.

iluzi-o, illusion, delusion.

imag-i, to imagine, fancy.

imit-i, to imitate.

imperi-o, empire.

implik-i, to implicate.

impost-o, tax, impost.

impres-i, to impress.

impuls-o, impulse.

-in-, suffix forming feminines (59).

incit-i, to incite, arouse, provoke.

-ind-, suffix expressing worth or merit (154).

indian-o, Indian (American).

indiferent-a, indifferent, unconcerned, unimportant.

industri-o, industry (trade, business).

infan-o, child.

infekt-i, to infect, contaminate.

influ-i, to influence.

inform-i, to give information.

-ing-, suffix expressing a holder or container (237).

in?enier-o, engineer.

ink-o, ink.

insekt-o, insect.

insist-i, to insist.

inspir-i, to inspire.

instru-i, to instruct, teach.

insul-o, island.

insult-i, to insult.

inteligent-a, intelligent.

intend-i, to intend.

inter (prep.), between, among (85, 89, 160).

interes-i (trans.), to interest.

intermit-i, to be intermittent.

intern-a, internal; -e, inside.

interpret-i, to interpret.

intim-a, intimate.

invit-i, to invite.

io (pronoun), something (233).

iom (adv.), some, a certain amount; iom post iom, little by little (217).

ir-i, to go.

-ist-, suffix indicating profession, etc. (172).

ital-o, Italian.

iu (pronoun), some one, a certain (one) (203).

J.

ja (adv.), indeed, in fact (215).

jak-o, jacket, short coat.

jam (adv.), already.

januar-o, January.

jar-o, year.

je, prep. of indefinite meaning (89, 185, 260).

jen (adv.), there, behold (228).

jes (adv.), yes (171).

Jesu-o, Jesus.

Johano, John.

ju (adv.), the more (used with pli, 84).

jug-o, yoke.

ju?-i, to judge.

juli-o, July.

jun-a, young.

jung-i, to harness.

juni-o, June.

jup-o, skirt.

jurist-o, jurist.

just-a, just, upright.

juvel-o, jewel.

?.

?aluz-a, jealous.

?a?d-o, Thursday.

?et-i, to throw, cast, hurl.

?ongl-i, to juggle.

?ur-i, to take oath, swear.

?urnal-o, newspaper, journal.

?us (adv.), a moment before, just.

K.

kadavr-o, corpse.

kadr-o, frame (of pictures).

kaduk-a, decaying, in ruin.

kaf-o, coffee.

ka?-o, cage.

kahel-o, tile (for paving).

kaj (conj.), and; kaj..kaj.., both..and.. (26).

kajer-o, notebook.

kaldron-o, caldron.

kalendar-o, calendar.

kale?-o, carriage.

kalkan-o, heel (of the foot); -umo, heel of a shoe.

kalkul-i, to calculate, reckon.

kamel-o, camel.

kamen-o, chimney.

kamer-o, camera.

kamp-o, field.

kanajl-o, scoundrel, rascal.

kanap-o, sofa.

kand-o, candy.

kandel-o, candle.

kanot-o, canoe.

kant-i, to sing.

kap-o, head.

kapabl-a, capable.

kapel-o, chapel (for prayer).

kapital-o, capital (money).

kapitol-o, capitol.

kapt-i, to catch, seize.

kar-a, dear, prized.

karakter-o, character.

karb-o, coal.

karcer-o, jail.

kares-i, to caress.

karn-o, flesh.

karot-o, carrot.

kart-o, card; po?tkarto, postcard; vizitkarto, visiting card.

karton-o, pasteboard.

karusel-o, merry-go-round.

kas-o, money-box, treasury; -isto, cashier, treasurer.

kaskad-o, waterfall, cascade.

kastel-o, castle.

ka?-i, to hide, conceal (252).

ka?tan-o, chestnut.

kat-o, cat.

katen-o, fetter, chain.

ka?z-o, cause.

kav-o, cavity, hole.

kaz-o, case (grammatical).

ke (conj.), that (53, 83, 105, 259, 262).

kel-o, cellar.

kelk-a, some; -aj, several, more than one or two.

kelner-o, waiter (in hotel or restaurant).

kest-o, chest; tirkesto, drawer.

kia, what kind of (112, 150); kiamanier-e, how.

kial (adv.), why (129).

kiam (adv.), when (123, 155).

kie (adv.), where (118, 151).

kiel (adv.), how, in which way, as (134, 156).

kies (pronoun, possessive), whose (107, 147).

kilogram-o, kilogram (284).

kilolitr-o, kiloliter (284).

kilometr-o, kilometer (284).

kio (pronoun), what (233).

kiom (adv.), how much (140, 164, 185).

kis-i, to kiss.

kiu (pronoun), who (106, 146).

klak-i (trans.), to clap, clatter.

klar-a, clear, distinct.

klav-o, key (of piano, etc.).

klas-o, class.

kler-a, enlightened, well-in-formed.

klimat-o, climate.

klin-i (trans.), to incline, bend.

kling-o, blade (of knife, etc.).

klopod-i, to undertake initiative work, take steps toward, labor for the success or completion of something.

klub-o, club (organization)

knab-o, boy.

kobold-o, sprite, kobold, brownie.

kofr-o, trunk, chest with a lid.

kok-o, cock (domestic fowl).

koket-a, coquettish.

koks-o, hip.

kol-o, neck.

kolbas-o, sausage.

kolegi-o, college.

kolekt-i (trans.), to collect, gather.

koler-i, to be angry, lose the temper.

kolomb-o, pigeon, dove.

kolon-o, column, pillar.

kolonel-o, colonel.

kolor-o, color.

kolport-i, to peddle.

komand-i, to command (military and naval).

komb-i, to comb.

komedi-o, comedy.

komenc-i (trans.), to begin, commence.

komerc-i, to trade, engage in commerce.

komfort-o, comfort (freedom from pain, want, etc.).

komisi-i, to entrust with, put in charge of, give the agency for.

komitat-o, committee.

komiz-o, clerk, employee, assistant.

kompani-o, company (commercial organization).

kompar-i, (trans.) to compare, (266).

kompat-i, to pity, have compassion for.

komplet-o, suit (of clothes).

komplez-o, kindness, courtesy, disposition to oblige.

komplik-i, to complicate.

kompost-i, to compose, set (type); -isto, compositor.

kompot-o, jam, preserve,

kompren-i, to understand.

komun-a, common, mutual.

komunik-i, to communicate.

kon-i, to be acquainted with, know; -ati?i kun, to become acquainted with (117).

koncern-i, to concern (266).

koncert-o, concert (musical).

kondamn-i, to condemn.

kondi?-o, terms specified, stipulation, condition.

konduk-i, to conduct, lead.

konduktor-o, conductor (of car, train, etc.).

kondut-i, to behave, conduct oneself.

konfes-i, to confess, admit.

konfid-i, to trust, have confidence in.

konfit-i, to preserve, pickle (fruits, etc.).

konform-i, to be in conformity with (266).

konfuz-i, to confuse, confound.

kongres-o, congress (assembly).

konk-o, shell (of mollusk, etc.).

konkur-i, to vie, compete.

konkurenc-o, competition (in business, etc.).

konkurs-o, prearranged trial of skill, formal competition (for prizes, etc.).

konsci-i, to be conscious.

konscienc-o, conscience.

konsent-i, to consent, agree.

konserv-i, to keep, preserve, save.

konservativ-a, conservative.

konsil-i, to advise, counsel.

konsist-i, to consist.

konsol-i, to console, comfort.

konsonant-o, consonant.

konspir-i, to conspire, plot.

konstant-a, constant.

konstat-i, to verify, ascertain the truth of, certify.

konstituci-o, constitution.

konstru-i, to build.

konsul-o, consul.

konsult-i, to seek advice of, consult.

kont-o, account (book-keeping, commercial).

kontent-a, content, satisfied.

kontinent-o, continent (geographical).

kontrakt-i, to contract, agree.

kontralt-o, contralto.

kontra? (prep.), against, opposite, opposed to (159, 160).

kontrol-i, to control, inspect, examine and check.

kontur-o, outline, contour.

kontuz-i, to bruise.

konven-i, to be suitable, be fitting or convenient.

konvink-i, to convince, persuade.

kopi-i, to copy.

kor-o, heart (of the body).

korb-o, basket.

korekt-i, to correct.

korespond-i, to exchange letters, correspond.

koridor-o, corridor, passage.

kork-o, cork (bark).

korn-o, horn.

korp-o, body, -a, corporeal.

korpus-o, corps (military).

kort-o, courtyard, court.

kortego, court (royal, etc.).

korv-o, raven.

kost-i, to cost.

kostum-o, costume.

kot-o, mud.

kotiz-i, to pay dues, pay one's share of an assessment.

kotlet-o, cutlet, chop.

koton-o, cotton.

kov-i, to brood (of birds).

kovert-o, envelope

kovr-i, to cover.

krab-o, crab.

krad-o, grating, grate, lattice.

krajon-o, pencil.

krak-i, to clack, crackle.

kran-o, faucet, tap.

kravat-o, cravat.

kre-i, to create.

kred-i, to believe (265).

krem-o, cream.

krepusk-o, twilight, half-light of dawn or evening.

kresk-i, to grow.

krestomati-o, chrestomathy, collection of selected passages.

kret-o, chalk.

krev-i (intrans.), to burst, crack open (suddenly and with noise).

kri-i, to cry out.

kribr-i, to sift (with a sieve).

krim-o, crime.

kring-o, ring-shaped biscuit.

kripl-a, crippled.

Krist-o, Christ.

kritik-i, to criticise.

kro?-i, to hook.

krom (prep.), beside, aside from, except, save, but.

kron-o, crown.

kruc-o, cross; -umi, to crucify.

kru?-o, pitcher, jug; tekru?o, tea-pot.

kruel-a, cruel.

krur-o, leg.

krust-o, crust.

krut-a, steep.

kubut-o, elbow.

kudr-i, to sew.

kugl-o, bullet.

kuir-i, to cook.

kuk-o, cake; -a?o, pastry.

kukum-o, cucumber.

kukurb-o, pumpkin.

kuler-o, spoon.

kulp-a, guilty.

kultur-i, to cultivate; terkulturi, to till the soil, farm.

kun (prep.), with (70, 76, 120, 160, 159).

kunikl-o, rabbit.

kupon-o, coupon.

kupr-o, copper (metal).

kur-i, to run.

kurac-i, to treat for illness, cure; -ato, a patient; -isto, a physician, medical man.

kura?-o, courage.

kurb-o, curve.

kurioz-a, uncommon, curious.

kurs-o, course (of lessons).

kurten-o, curtain.

kusen-o, cushion.

ku?-i, to lie, recline (239).

kutim-o, custom, habit.

kuv-o, tub, large basin.

kuz-o, cousin.

kvadrat-o, square (equilateral rectangle).

kvalit-o, quality, texture.

kvankam (conj.), though, although, while (concessive).

kvant-o, quantity, amount.

kvar, (adj.), four (136).

kvartal-o, quarter (of a city).

kvaza? (conj.), as though, as if (250).

kverk-o, oak.

kviet-a, calm, quiet.

kvin, (adj.), five (136).

kvitanc-o, receipt (for payment).

la (article), the (II, 47, 201, 280, a).

labor-i, to work, labor.

lac-a, tired, weary.

la?-o, string, lace (of shoe, etc.).

lad-o, tin plate (sheet iron covered with tin).

lag-o, lake.

lakt-o, milk.

laktuk-o, lettuce.

lam-a, lame.

lamp-o, lamp.

lan-o, wool.

lanc-o, lance, spear.

land-o, land, country.

lang-o, tongue (of the body).

lantern-o, lantern.

lanug-o, down (hairs, feathers).

lard-o, bacon.

lar?-a, wide, broad.

larm-o, tear (of the eye).

las-i, (trans.), to leave, let, permit.

last-a, last (in a series).

latin-a, Latin.

la? (prep.), in accordance with, along, by (191).

la?b-o, arbor, summer-house.

la?d-i, to praise.

la?t-a, loud.

lav-i, to wash.

lecion-o, lesson.

led-o, leather.

leg-i, to read.

legom-o, vegetable.

le?-o, law.

lek-i, to lick.

leon-o, lion.

lepor-o, hare.

lern-i, to learn.

lert-a, clever, skilful.

leter-o, letter (epistle).

lev-i, to raise, lift.

li (pronoun), he, him (32, 37, 42).

liber-a, free.

libr-o, book.

lig-i, to tie, bind, fasten; -ilo, bond; that which ties or fastens; -a?o, knot; -o, league, alliance.

lign-o, wood.

lim-o, limit, boundary.

limonad-o, lemonade.

lingv-o, language.

lini-o, line; -ilo, ruler.

lip-o, lip; -haroj, moustache.

lit-o, bed (for sleeping).

liter-o, letter of the alphabet; la?litera, literal.

literatur-o, literature.

litr-o, liter (284).

liver-i, to deliver, supply, furnish.

log-i, to allure.

lo?-i, to dwell, reside (133).

lok-o, place; -a, local.

lokomotiv-o, locomotive.

long-a, long.

lonicer-o, honeysuckle.

lorn-o, telescope, spyglass; -eto, opera-glasses.

lu-i, to hire, rent (engage and pay rent for).

lud-i, to play.

luks-o, luxury.

lul-i, to lull to sleep; -ilo, cradle.

lum-i, to shine (275).

lun-o, moon.

lunatik-o, lunatic.

lund-o, Monday.

lup-o, wolf.

M.

ma?-i, to chew, masticate.

magazen-o, warehouse.

magi-o, magic.

magistr-o, master of arts (A.M.).

maiz-o, maize, Indian corn.

maj-o, May.

majest-a, majestic.

majones-a, mayonnaise.

majstr-o, master (of his art or profession).

makaroni-o, macaroni.

maksimum-o, maximum.

makul-o, spot, stain.

makzel-o, jaw; -osto, jawbone.

mal-, prefix forming opposites (67).

maleol-o, ankle.

malgra? (prep.), notwithstanding.

malic-a, malicious.

man-o, hand.

mandat-o, money-order.

man?-i, to eat.

manier-o, manner, way.

manik-o, sleeve.

mank-i (intrans.), to be lacking, wanting.

mantel-o, cloak, mantle.

manuskript-o, manuscript.

mar-o, sea.

mar?-o, swamp, marsh.

mard-o, Tuesday.

Mari-o, Mary.

mark-o, mark.

marmelad-o, marmalade.

marmor-o, marble (stone),

mar?-i, to walk.

mart-o, March.

martel-o, hammer.

mastr-o, master (of a house, etc.)

ma?in-o, machine.

maten-o, morning (93).

material-o, material.

matur-a, ripe, mature.

mebl-o, piece of furniture.

medicin-o, medicine (the science).

me?anik-o, mechanics.

mejl-o, mile.

meleagr-o, turkey.

melk-i, to milk.

melodi-o, melody.

melon-o, melon.

mem (pronoun), self, selves (219).

membr-o, limb, member.

memor-i, to remember, keep in mind; rememori, to recall to memory.

mend-i, to order (of a store, etc.).

mensog-i, to lie, tell lies.

menton-o, chin.

menu-o, menu.

merit-i, to deserve, merit.

merkred-o, Wednesday.

merl-o, blackbird.

met-i, to put, place.

metal-o, metal.

meti-o, trade, handicraft.

metod-o, method, way.

metr-o, meter (284).

mez-o, middle.

mezur-i, to measure.

mi (pronoun), I, me (32, 37).

miel-o, honey.

mien-o, appearance, mien.

miks-i (trans.), to mix.

mil (adj.), thousand (142).

mild-a, mild.

milimetr-o, millimeter (284).

milion-o, million.

milit-i, to fight, wage war.

min-o, mine (of coal, silver, etc.).

minac-i, to threaten.

mineral-o, mineral.

minimum-o, minimum.

ministr-o, minister (political).

minut-o, minute.

miop-a, shortsighted.

mir-i, to wonder.

mister-o, mystery.

mizer-o, misery.

mod-o, mode, fashion.

model-o, model.

moder-a, moderate.

modest-a, modest.

mok-i, to mock.

mol-a, soft.

moment-o, moment; -a, momentary, instantaneous.

mon-o, money.

mona?-o, monk.

monar?i-o, monarch.

monat-o, month.

mond-o, world.

mont-o, mountain.

montr-i (trans.), to show.

mor-o, conduct (in regard to right or wrong); -oj, morals.

moral-a, moral; -eco, morality.

mord-i, to bite.

morga? (adv.), tomorrow (171).

mort-i, to die; -igi, to kill.

mo?t-o, title of respect (258).

mov-i (trans.), to move, put in motion.

muel-o, mill (for grinding).

mu?-i, to roar, bellow.

mult-a, much (81).

mur-o, wall.

murmur-i, to murmur.

mus-o, mouse.

mustard-o, mustard.

mu?-o, fly.

mut-a, dumb, mute.

muze-o, museum.

muzik-o, music.

N.

naci-o, nation.

na?-i, to swim.

naiv-a, artless, naive, ingenuous.

najbar-o, neighbor.

najl-o, nail (of metal).

nap-o, turnip.

nask-i, to produce, bring forth, give birth to.

natur-o, nature.

na? (adj.), nine (136).

naz-o, nose.

ne (adv.), no, not (27, 66, a, 171).

nebul-o, fog, mist.

neces-a, necessary.

negativ-o, negative (photographic).

ne?-o, snow.

nek (negative conj.), neither, nor (31).

nenia, no kind of (224).

nenial (adv.), for no reason (229).

neniam (adv.), never (226).

nenie (adv.), nowhere (225).

neniel (adv.), in no way (230).

nenies (pronoun, possessive), nobody's (221).

nenio (pronoun), nothing (233).

neniom (adv.), none, not any (231).

neniu (pronoun), no one, nobody, no (220).

nep-o, grandson.

nepr-e, inevitably, certainly, unfailingly.

nerv-o, nerve.

nest-o, nest.

ne?tral-a, neutral, non-partisan.

nev-o, nephew.

ni (pronoun), we, us (32, 37).

nigr-a, black.

nivel-o, level.

-nj-, suffix forming affectionate diminutives (283).

nobel-o, nobleman.

nobl-a, noble (in character).

nokt-o, night.

nom-o, name; -i, to name, mention.

nombr-o, number (quantity).

nord-o, north.

norveg-o, Norwegian.

nostalgi-o, homesickness.

not-o, note.

nov-a, new, recent, novel; denove, anew, again.

novembr-o, November.

nu (interjection), well! (273).

nuanc-o, shade, tint, hue.

nub-o, cloud.

nud-a, bare, naked, nude.

nuks-o, nut.

nul-o, zero, naught.

numer-o, number, numeral (No.).

nun (adv.), now (171).

nur (adv.), merely, only.

nutr-i, to nourish, to feed.

O.

obe-i, to obey (265).

objekt-o, object, thing.

objektiv-o, lens, objective.

-obl-, suffix forming multiples (186).

oblikv-a, oblique, slanting.

observ-i, to observe, take note of.

obstin-a, obstinate.

ocean-o, ocean.

odor-i, to smell (good or bad).

ofend-i, to offend.

ofer-i, to sacrifice, offer.

ofic-o, office, employment; -isto, officer (of firm or organization); -ejo, office (the place).

oficial-a, official.

oficir-o, officer (military or naval).

oft-a, frequent.

ok (adj.), eight (136).

okaz-i, to happen, occur, take place.

okcident-o, west.

oktobr-o, October.

okul-o, eye.

okup-i, to occupy.

ol (conj.), than (82, 97, 98).

ole-o, oil.

oliv-o, olive.

ombr-o, shadow, shade.

ombrel-o, umbrella.

-on-, suffix forming fractions (166).

ond-o, wave.

oni (pronoun), one, they (54).

onkl-o, uncle.

-op-, suffix forming collective numerals (261).

oper-o, opera.

opini-i, to have the opinion, think.

oportun-a, handy, convenient, opportune.

or-o, gold.

oran?-o, orange (fruit).

ord-o, order (methodical or proper arrangement).

ordinar-a, ordinary; eksterordinara, extraordinary.

ordon-i, to order, bid, command.

orel-o, ear (of the body).

orf-o, orphan.

organ-o, organ (physical).

organiz-i, to organize.

orgen-o, organ, (musical instrument).

orient-o, east.

original-o, original.

orkestr-o, orchestra.

ornam-i, to ornament, adorn.

ort-a, right-angled.

osced-i, to gape, yawn.

ost-o, bone.

ostr-o, oyster.

ostracism-o, ostracism.

ov-o, egg.

P.

pac-o, peace.

pacienc-o, patience.

padel-i, to paddle.

paf-i, to shoot (with gun, etc.).

pag-i, to pay.

pa?-o, page (of a book, etc.).

pajl-o, straw.

pak-i, to pack.

pal-a, pale.

palac-o, palace.

palis-o, stake; -aro, palisade.

palp-i, to feel (with the fingers, etc.); -ado, touch (the sense).

palpebr-o, eyelid.

pan-o, bread.

pantalon-o, trousers.

pantofl-o, slipper.

paper-o, paper (material).

papili-o, butterfly.

par-o, pair.

paradiz-o, paradise.

paragraf-o, paragraph.

paralel-a, parallel.

pardon-i, to forgive, pardon (265).

parenc-o, relative (person).

parfum-o, perfume.

park-o, park.

parker-e, by rote, by heart, from memory.

parol-i, to speak (77).

part-o, part, share.

particip-o, participle.

pas-i, (intrans.), to pass.

pasa?er-o, passenger.

paser-o, sparrow.

pasi-o, passion.

pasiv-a, passive.

Pask-o, Easter.

paste?-o, patty, small pie.

pastinak-o, parsnip.

pastr-o, pastor, clergyman, priest.

pa?-i, to step.

pa?t-i (trans.), to pasture, feed; -isto, shepherd.

pat-o, pan, frying-pan.

patr-o, father.

pa?z-o, pause.

pavim-o, pavement.

pec-o, piece, morsel.

pejza?-o, landscape.

pek-i, to sin.

pekl-i, to pickle (meat, etc.).

pel-i, to chase away, drive off.

pelt-o, coat or wrap of fur.

pen-i, to strive, try.

pend-i (intrans.), to hang.

penetr-i, to penetrate.

penik-o, paintbrush, hair pencil.

pens-i, to think.

pent-i, to repent.

pentr-i, to paint.

pep-i, to chirp, twitter.

per (prep.), by means of, with, by (64).

perd-i, to lose.

pere-i, to perish.

perfekt-a, perfect.

perfid-i, to betray; -a, perfidious, treacherous.

period-a, periodic.

perl-o, pearl.

permes-i, to permit, allow, let.

peron-o, platform (railway), stoop (entrance porch).

persekut-i, to persecute, prosecute.

persik-o, peach.

persist-i, to persist, persevere.

person-o, person.

peruk-o, wig.

pes-i (trans.), to ascertain the weight of; -ilo, scales, balance.

pet-i, to request, beg, ask.

petol-i, to be mischievous, saucy, roguish.

petrol-o, petroleum, kerosene.

petrosel-o, parsley.

pez-i (intrans.), to be heavy, weigh.

pi-a, pious.

pice-o, spruce (tree).

pied-o, foot; -iranto, pedestrian.

piedestal-o, pedestal.

pik-i, to prick, sting.

pilgrim-i, to go on a pilgrimage.

pilk-o, ball (to play with).

pin-o, pine (tree).

pinakotek-o, picture gallery.

pin?-i, to pinch.

pingl-o, pin.

pint-o, point, pinnacle, summit.

pionir-o, pioneer.

pip-o, pipe (for smoking).

pipr-o, pepper.

pir-o, pear.

pist-i, to crush, mash; -a?o, purée.

pitoresk-a, picturesque.

piz-o, pea.

plac-o, public square, place (broad, short street or open space).

pla?-i, to please, to be pleasing (265).

plad-o, flat dish.

plafon-o, ceiling.

plan-o, plan, scheme.

pland-o, sole (of the foot).

planed-o, planet.

plank-o, floor.

plant-i, to plant.

plat-a, flat, plane.

pla?d-i (trans.), to splash, dabble (a liquid).

plej (adv.), most (74, 79, 81, 162); malplej, least (80).

plekt-i, to weave, plait, braid.

plen-a, full; plenum-i, to fulfil.

plend-i, to complain.

plet-o, tray.

plezur-o, pleasure.

pli (adv.), more (74, 79, 81); malpli, less (80).

plor-i, to weep, cry.

plu (adv.), further, more, any more.

plug-i, to plow.

plum-o, pen, feather.

plumb-o, lead (metal); -isto, plumber.

pluv-o, rain.

pne?matik-o, pneumatic tire.

po (prep.), at the rate of (175).

poem-o, poem.

poet-o, poet.

poezi-o, poetry, poesy.

pokal-o, goblet, cup.

pol-o, Pole.

polic-o, police (force).

politik-o, politics.

polm-o, palm (of the hand).

polur-i, to polish, make smooth and glossy.

polus-o, pole (geographical).

polv-o, dust.

pom-o, apple.

pomp-o, pomp, splendor.

pont-o, bridge.

popol-o, a people, folk.

popular-a, popular.

por (prep.), for (95, 98, 262).

porcelan-o, porcelain, china.

porci-o, portion, share.

pord-o, door.

pork-o, swine, pig, hog.

port-i, to carry, bear.

portret-o, portrait.

posed-i, to possess, own.

post (prep.), after, behind (89, 120).

postul-i, to require, demand.

po?-o, pocket.

po?t-o, post (mail); -kesto, mailbox; -marko, postage stamp; -mandato, postal money order.

pot-o, pot.

potenc-a, powerful, mighty.

pov-i, to be able, can (72).

pra-, prefix indicating remoteness in line of descent (282).

praktik-o, practice.

prav-a, right, in the right.

precip-a, principal, chief.

preciz-a, precise.

predik-i, to preach.

prefer-i, to prefer.

prefiks-o, prefix.

pre?-i, to pray; -ejo, church.

prem-i, to press.

premi-o, premium, prize.

pren-i, to take.

prepar-i, to prepare.

pres-i, to print.

preska? (adv.), almost.

pret-a, ready.

pretekst-i, to make pretext of, pretend, sham.

pretend-i, to make pretension to, lay claim to.

preter (prep.), beyond, past, by.

prez-o, price.

prezent-i, to present, offer.

prezid-i, to preside; -anto, presiding officer, president, chairman.

pri (prep.), concerning, about, of (160, 264, c).

princ-o, prince.

princip-o, principle.

printemp-o, spring (season).

pro (prep.), on account of, because of, for (86).

problem-o, problem.

procent-o, interest, percentage.

proces-o, lawsuit, legal process.

produkt-i, to produce.

profesi-o, profession, occupation, calling.

profesor-o, professor.

profil-o, profile.

profit-o, profit; -i, to profit (by).

profund-a, deep, profound.

progres-i, to progress.

projekt-o, project.

proklam-i, to proclaim.

prokrast-i, to delay, procrastinate.

proksim-a, near.

promen-i, to go walking, promenade.

promes-i, to promise.

propon-i, to propose, offer.

proporci-o, proportion.

propr-a, own (one's own); malpropra, other people's; -igi al si, to appropriate, make one's own.

prosper-i, to have success, prosper.

protekt-i, to protect.

protest-i, to protest.

protokol-o, minutes (of a meeting).

prov-i, to try, attempt, test.

proviz-i, to provide.

proz-o, prose; -a?o, prose composition, piece of prose.

prudent-a, reasonable, sensible, rational.

prujn-o, hoar frost.

prun-o, plum.

prunt-o, loan; -i, (-e doni), to lend; -e preni, to borrow.

pruv-i, to prove, give proof of.

psalm-o, psalm.

publik-o, public (the); -igi, to publish.

puding-o, pudding.

pudr-i, to powder.

pugn-o, fist.

pulm-o, lung.

pulv-o, gunpowder.

pump-i, to pump.

pun-i, to punish.

punt-o, lace (point, etc.).

pup-o, doll.

pupitr-o, desk.

pur-a, clean, pure.

purpur-a, purple.

pu?-i, to push; repu?i, to repulse.

put-o, well (for water).

R.

rabarb-o, rhubarb.

rab-i, to pillage, plunder; -isto, robber.

rabat-i, to rebate, give a reduction, discount or rebate.

rad-o, wheel.

radi-o, ray (of light), spoke (of wheel), radius.

radik-o, root.

rafan-o, radish.

rafin-i, to refine; -ejo, refinery.

rajd-i, to ride (horse, etc.).

rajt-o, right (to something).

rakont-i, to relate, narrate (77).

ramp-i, to creep, crawl, clamber.

ran-o, frog.

rand-o, edge, border.

rang-o, rank, grade, dignity.

rapid-a, rapid, quick; -o, speed; -emo, haste.

raport-i, to report, give a report.

ras-o, race (tribe, people, nation).

rasp-i, to rasp, grate; -ilo, grater.

rat-o, rat.

ra?k-a, hoarse, raucous.

rav-i, to enchant.

raz-i, to shave.

re-, prefix indicating repetition or return (223).

real-a, real.

reciprok-a, reciprocal, mutual (180).

redakci-o, editorial department.

redakt-i, to edit.

redaktor-o, editor.

redingot-o, frock coat.

refut-i, to refute.

reg-i, to rule, govern, reign.

regal-i (trans.), to regale, treat (to food or drink).

region-o, region.

registr-i (trans.), to register, enroll.

regn-o, state, governed body; -ano, citizen, subject.

regul-o, rule, regulation.

re?-o, king.

reklam-i, to advertise.

rekomend-i, to recommend, register (a letter).

rekompenc-i, to recompense, reward.

rekt-a, straight, undeviating, direct.

rel-o, rail.

religi-o, religion.

rem-i, to row.

rembur-i, to upholster, stuff, pad.

renkont-i (trans.), to meet.

renvers-i (trans.), to upset.

reprezent-i, to represent.

respekt-i, to respect.

respond-i, to answer.

respublik-o, republic.

rest-i, to remain, stay.

restoraci-o, restaurant.

resum-i, to summarize, give in resumé.

ret-o, net, netting.

rev-i, to indulge in revery, dream, fancy.

revu-o, journal, review, magazine.

rezon-i, to reason (exert the power of reasoning).

rezult-i, to result.

ricev-i, to receive.

ri?-a, rich.

rid-i, to laugh (265).

rifuz-i, to refuse.

rigard-i, to look.

rigl-i, to bolt (fasten).

rikolt-i, to harvest, reap.

rilat-i, to have relation (to) (266).

rimark-i, to notice, note.

rimed-o, means, way; vivrimedoj, means of livelihood.

rimen-o, thong, strap.

ring-o, ring.

rip-o, rib.

ripar-i, to mend, repair.

ripet-i, to repeat.

ripoz-i, to repose, rest.

ripro?-i, to reproach.

river-o, river.

riz-o, rice.

rob-o, dress, robe.

Robert-o, Robert.

romp-i (trans.), to break.

rond-o, circle, ring, round.

ros-o, dew.

rost-i, to roast.

roz-o, rose (flower).

ruband-o, ribbon.

rubus-o, blackberry.

ru?-a, red.

ruin-o, ruin.

rul-i (trans.), to roll (ball, etc.).

rus-o, Russian.

rust-i, to rust.

rutin-o, routine.

ruz-a, crafty, cunning, sly.

S.

sabat-o, Saturday.

sabl-o, sand.

sag-o, arrow.

sa?-a, wise.

sak-o, sack, bag.

sal-o, salt.

salajr-o, salary, wages.

salat-o, salad.

salon-o, parlor, drawing-room.

salt-i, to jump, leap.

salut-i, to salute, greet.

sam-a, same.

san-a, healthy, well.

sang-o, blood.

sankt-a, sacred, holy.

sap-o, soap.

sarden-o, sardine.

sat-a, sated; malsata, hungry.

sa?c-o, sauce, gravy, dressing.

sav-i, to save; rescue.

sci-i, to know (117).

scienc-o, science.

se (conj.), if (240).

sed (conj.), but.

seg-i, to saw.

se?-o, chair.

sek-a, dry.

sekret-o, secret.

sekretari-o, secretary.

sekund-o, second (of time).

sekv-i, to follow.

sel-o, saddle.

sem-o, seed; -i, to sow.

semajn-o, week.

sen (prep.), without (248).

senat-o, senate; -ano, senator.

senc-o, sense, meaning.

send-i, to send.

sent-i, to feel, perceive.

sep (adj.), seven (136).

septembr-o, September.

ser?-i, to seek, hunt, look for.

serur-o, lock.

serv-i, to serve.

servic-o, course (of a meal).

ses (adj.), six (136).

sever-a, severe, stern.

sezon-o, season.

si (pronoun, reflexive), himself, herself, etc. (40, 44, 274).

sibl-i, to hiss, whistle (wind, etc.).

sid-i, to sit (239).

sigel-i, to seal.

sign-o, sign, trace, mark.

signif-i, to signify, mean.

silab-o, syllable.

silent-i, to be silent (239).

silk-o, silk.

simi-o, monkey.

simil-a, like, similar.

simpl-a, simple.

sinjor-o, gentleman, Mr. (163).

Sirakuz-o, Syracuse.

sitel-o, pail, bucket.

skatol-o, small box or case.

skiz-i, to sketch.

sklav-o, slave.

skot-o, Scot, Scotchman.

skrap-i, to scrape.

skrib-i, to write.

sku-i (trans.), to shake.

skulpt-i, to carve, sculpture.

societ-o, society.

soif-i, to be thirsty.

sojl-o, threshold.

Sokrat-o, Socrates.

sol-a, alone, sole, only.

soldat-o, soldier.

solen-a, formal, solemn.

somer-o, summer.

son-i (intrans.), to sound.

son?-i, to dream (in sleep).

sonor-i (intrans.), to ring, sound; -ilo, bell.

sopir-i, to yearn, long, sigh.

sorb-i, to absorb; -papero, blotting-paper.

sor?-o, witchcraft; ensor?i, to bewitch; -isto, sorcerer.

sort-o, destiny, fate, lot.

sova?-a, wild, savage.

spac-o, space.

spec-o, kind, sort, species.

special-a, special.

specimen-o, specimen, sample.

spegul-o, mirror.

spert-a, experienced, expert.

spes-o, speso (international unit of money, 284).

spez-o, clearing (financial); elspezi, to disburse, expend, spend; enspezi, to take in, receive (funds).

spinac-o, spinach.

spir-i, to breathe; elspiri, to exhale.

spite (prep.), in spite of.

sprit-a, witty.

staci-o, station (railway, boat, etc.).

stamp-i, to mark officially, stamp.

standard-o, standard, flag.

stan-o, tin (metal).

stang-o, pole.

star-i, to stand (239).

stat-o, state (of being), condition.

stel-o, star.

stenografi-o, shorthand, stenography.

stil-o, style.

stimul-i, to stimulate.

stomak-o, stomach.

strang-a, strange, peculiar.

strat-o, street.

stre?-i (trans.), to stretch.

strek-i, to make a streak, or line; substreki, to underline; surstreki, trastreki, to cross off, strike out.

stri-o, streak, stripe, band.

strik-o, strike (of labor).

stud-i, to study.

student-o, student (college, etc.).

stuf-i (trans.), to stew.

stump-o, stump (of tree, etc.).

sub (prep.), under, beneath (121, 160).

subit-a, sudden, abrupt.

substanc-o, substance.

sud-o, south.

sufer-i, to suffer, endure.

sufi?-i, to suffice; -ega, abundant.

sufiks-o, suffix.

sufok-i (trans.), to suffocate.

sugesti-i, to suggest.

suk-o, sap, juice (of plants, etc.); -a, succulent.

sukces-i, to succeed.

suker-o, sugar.

sulfur-o, sulphur.

sulk-o, furrow, wrinkle.

sum-o, sum, amount.

sun-o, sun.

sup-o, soup.

super (prep.), above, over (159); -a, superior.

supersti?-o, superstition.

supoz-i, to suppose.

supr-e (adv.), above; -a, upper, above; -a?o, surface.

sur (prep.), on, upon (160).

surd-a, deaf.

surpriz-i, to surprise.

surtut-o, overcoat.

suspekt-i, to suspect.

sved-o, Swede.

sven-i, to faint, swoon.

sving-i (trans.), swing, brandish.

svis-o, Swiss.

?.

?af-o, sheep; -a?o, mutton; -ido, lamb; -ida?o, lamb (meat); -viro, ram.

?ajn-i, to seem, appear.

?al-o, shawl.

?anc-o, luck, chance; bon?ance, luckily.

?ancel-i (trans.), to oscillate, vacillate, make tremble.

?an?-i (trans.), to change, alter.

?ar?-i, to burden, load.

?at-i, to like, prize.

?a?m-o, foam, froth.

?el-o, shell, peeling, bark.

?elk-o, suspender, supporter.

?erc-i, to joke, jest.

?i (pronoun), she, her (32, 37, 42).

?ild-o, shield.

?ink-o, ham.

?ip-o, ship.

?ir-i, to tear.

?irm-i, to shelter, shield; -ilo, screen.

?lim-o, slime.

?los-i, to lock; -ilo, key.

?mir-i, to anoint, smear.

?nur-o, string.

?ose-o, broad roadway, drive.

?ov-i, to shove, push.

?ovel-i, to shovel.

?par-i, to spare, be economical of.

?pin-i, to spin.

?pruc-i, to gush, spout, spurt (of liquids).

?rank-o, cupboard, wardrobe.

?ra?b-o, screw.

?tal-o, steel.

?tat-o, state (political).

?tel-i, to steal (252).

?tip-o, log, block of wood.

?tof-o, cloth, stuff.

?ton-o, stone.

?top-i, to stop up, cork; -ilo, stopper.

?trump-o, stocking.

?tup-o, step, round; -aro, stair-case.

?u-o, shoe; super?uo, overshoe.

?uld-i, to owe, be indebted.

?ultr-o, shoulder.

?ut-o, chute; -i, to pour (as in a chute).

?vel-i, to swell, become swollen.

?vit-i, to perspire.

T.

tabak-o, tobacco.

tabel-o, table, index, tabulation.

tabl-o, table (furniture).

tabul-o, board, plank.

tag-o, day; -i?o, dawn; -mezo, noon.

tajlor-o, tailor.

taks-i, to estimate, value, rate.

talent-o, talent.

tali-o, waist; beltalia, shapely, having a good figure.

tambur-o, drum.

tamen (conj.), nevertheless, however, yet, still.

tantiem-o, percentage of profit, royalty.

tapi?-o, carpet.

tarif-o, tariff, schedule of rates.

tas-o, cup; subtaso, saucer.

task-o, task.

ta?g-i, to be fit for, good for.

tavol-o, layer.

te-o, tea.

teatr-o, theatre; -a?o, play.

ted-i, to be tedious.

teg-i, to cover, put a covering upon.

tegment-o, roof.

teks-i, to weave.

telefon-i, to telephone.

telegraf-i, to telegraph.

teler-o, plate; -meblo, sideboard.

tem-o, theme, subject.

temp-o, time.

tempi-o, temple (of the head).

templ-o, temple (building).

ten-i, to hold, keep.

tend-o, tent.

tenor-o, tenor (voice).

tent-i, to tempt.

teori-o, theory.

ter-o, earth, soil; enterigi, to inter.

teras-o, terrace.

teritori-o, territory.

termin-o, term, definition (word).

tern-i, to sneeze.

terpom-o, potato.

terur-o, terror.

tia, that kind of, such (65).

tial (adv.), therefore (78, 83).

tiam (adv.), then, at that time (73).

tibi-o, shin bone, tibia; -karno, calf (of the leg).

tie (adv.), there (68).

tiel (adv.), thus, so (88, 156).

tigr-o, tiger.

tikl-i, to tickle.

tili-o, linden.

tim-i, to fear, be afraid of.

timon-o, pole, tongue, shaft.

tint-i, to jingle, tinkle.

tio (pronoun), that (233, 234).

tiom (adv.), that much, so much (104, 164).

tir-i, to pull, draw.

tiran-o, tyrant.

titol-o, title.

tiu (pronoun), that one, that (56); tiu ?i, this one, this (60).

tost-o, toast (sentiment).

tol-o, linen.

toler-i, to tolerate.

tomat-o, tomato.

tomb-o, tomb, grave.

ton-o, tone.

tond-i, to shear; -ilo, shears, scissors.

tondr-i, to thunder.

tord-i, to twist; -a, crooked, winding.

tra (prep.), through (46, 160).

trab-o, beam (wooden).

traduk-i, to translate.

traf-i, to reach, attain (that which was aimed at or sought); maltrafi, to miss.

trajt-o, feature.

trakt-i, to treat of (in essay, speech, etc.); -ato, treatise.

tram-o, tram; -vojo, tramway, street-car line; -veturilo, street-car.

tran?-i, to cut, sever.

trankvil-a, serene, tranquil, calm.

trans (prep.), across, the other side of (160).

tre (adv.), very, very much.

trem-i, to tremble.

tremp-i, to drench, dip.

tren-i, to drag, haul, draw; -a?o, train (of a dress).

trezor-o, treasure.

tri (adj.), three (136).

trik-i, to knit.

trink-i, to drink.

tritik-o, wheat.

triumf-o, triumph.

tro (adv.), too, too much.

tromp-i, to deceive.

tron-o, throne.

tropik-o, tropic.

trot-i, to trot.

trotuar-o, sidewalk, pavement.

trov-i, to find.

tru-o, hole.

trud-i, to force upon, impose; altrudema, importunate.

trunk-o, trunk (of tree or body).

tualet-o, toilet.

tub-o, tube, pipe.

tuber-o, bulb, knot, tuber.

tuj (adv.), at once, immediately

tuk-o, piece of cloth.

tur-o, tower.

turk-o, Turk.

turment-i, to torment.

turn-i (trans.), to turn.

tus-i, to cough.

tu?-i, to touch; kortu?i, to touch (the heart of).

tut-a, entire, whole, all.

U.

-uj-, suffix indicating receptacle, that which bears or contains (181).

-ul-, suffix indicating person characterized by that in the root (132).

ulm-o, elm.

-um-, indefinite suffix (268).

ung-o, nail (of finger); -ego, claw, talon.

univers-o, universe.

universitat-o, university.

unu (adj.), one (136, 137, 180); unui?o, union.

uragan-o, hurricane.

urb-o, city; ?efurbo, capital.

ur?-i, to be urgent or pressing.

urs-o, bear.

Uson-o, United States of America.

util-a, useful.

uz-i, to use; trouzi, to abuse.

vad-i, to wade.

vafl-o, waffle.

vag-i, to wander, to roam; -isto, vagabond.

vagon-o, car, railway carriage.

vak-i, to be vacant.

vaks-o, wax.

val-o, valley.

valiz-o, valise, satchel, bag.

valor-i, to be worth.

vals-i, to waltz.

van-a, vain, fruitless.

vang-o, cheek.

vant-a, vain, conceited.

vapor-o, steam, vapor.

varb-i (trans.), to enlist, recruit.

varm-a, warm.

vast-a, vast, spacious, extensive.

vaz-o, vase, basin.

ve! (interjection), woe! ho ve! alas! (273).

veget-i, to vegetate, grow (as plants).

vegetar-a, vegetarian.

vejn-o, vein.

vek-i (trans.), to wake, awake.

vel-o, sail.

velk-i, to fade, wither, wilt.

velur-o, velvet.

ven-i, to come.

vend-i, to sell.

vendred-o, Friday.

venen-o, poison.

ven?-i, to avenge.

venk-i, to conquer, vanquish.

vent-o, wind.

ver-o, truth.

verand-o, veranda, porch.

verd-a, green.

verk-i, to compose (music or literature).

verm-o, worm.

vermi?el-o, vermicelli.

vers-o, verse.

ver?-i, to pour (a liquid).

vertikal-a, vertical.

vesper-o, evening (93).

vest-i, to clothe, dress.

ve?t-o, vest, waistcoat.

vet-i, to wager, bet.

veter-o, weather.

vetur-i, to ride, go (in vehicle, boat, etc.).

vi (pronoun), you (32, 37, 274).

viand-o, meat.

vibr-i, to vibrate.

vic-o, turn, place in a series; la?vice, in turn; siavice, in his (her, its, their) turn; vicprezidanto, vice-president.

vid-i, to see.

vidv-o, widower; -ino, widow.

vigl-a, alert, brisk.

vila?-o, village.

vin-o, wine.

vinagr-o, vinegar.

vinber-o, grape; sekvinbero, raisin.

vintr-o, winter.

viol-o, violet.

violon-o, violin.

vip-i, to whip.

vir-o, man

virt-o, virtue.

vi?-i, to wipe.

vitr-o, glass (material).

viv-i, to live (133).

viza?-o, face, visage.

vizit-i, to visit.

vo?-o, voice; -doni, to vote.

voj-o, road, way.

voja?-i, to journey, travel, voyage.

vok-i, to call.

vokal-o, vowel.

vol-i, to be willing, will, wish.

volont-e, willingly.

volum-o, volume (book).

volumen-o, volume (of a body).

volv-i, to roll (something around something).

vort-o, word; -aro, dictionary.

vost-o, tail.

vual-o, veil.

vulgar-a, common, vulgar.

vulp-o, fox.

vund-i, to wound.

Z.

zenit-o, zenith.

zigzag-o, zigzag.

zingibr-o, ginger.

zink-o, zinc.

zon-o, girdle, belt, zone.

zoologi-o, zoology.

zorg-i, to care (for), be anxious (about).

zum-i, to hum, buzz.

* * *

ENGLISH-ESPERANTO VOCABULARY.

The following vocabulary includes all Esperanto roots used in the preceding lessons, all primary words of the language, and a large number of additional roots (to facilitate original composition). No attempt has been made, however, to include all of the roots of the language, or their various English meanings, for which an English-Esperanto Dictionary should be consulted.

References are to sections, unless the page (p.) is given. For other parts of speech than those indicated, see Word Formation, 116, 120, 159, 171, also the references under Prefixes and Suffixes in the Index. For formation of compound words other than those given, see 160, 167, 176, 184. The following abbreviations are used: adj. = adjective; adv. = adverb; conj. = conjunction; intrans. = intransitive; prep. = preposition; trans. = transitive; - = repetition of the English word.

A.

abandon, forlas-i.

abash, hontig-i.

(be) able, pov-i (72).

abominable, abomen-a.

about (prep.), ?irka?; (concerning) pri; (adv.), (approximately, proksimum-e.

above (prep.), super (159); (adv.), supr-e; ?i supre.

abrupt, subit-a.

absorb, sorb-i.

abundant, sufi?eg-a.

academy, akademi-o.

accelerate (trans.), akcel-i.

accent, akcent-o.

accept, akcept-i.

accident, akcident-o; (chance) okaz-o.

accompany, akompan-i.

(in) accordance with (prep.), la? (191).

account, kont-o; (bill) kalkul-o; (story) rakont-o.

(on) account of (prep.), pro (86).

accurate, akurat-a.

accusative, akuzativ-o.

accuse, akuz-i, kulpig-i.

accustomed, familiar-a, kutimit-a.

ache, dolor-o.

acid, acid-o.

(be) acquainted with, kon-i (117); become -, konati?-i. acquire, akir-i.

across (prep.), trans.

act, ag-i; -on, efik-i; (behave) kondut-i; (of play) akt-o.

active, agema; (grammatical), aktiv-a.

actor, aktor-o.

actual, efektiv-a, ver-a.

acute, akr-a.

add, aldon-i (160).

address (on letters, etc.) adres-o; (lecture) parolad-o.

adequate, sufi?-a.

adjacent, apud-a (159).

adjective, adjektiv-o.

administer (manage), administr-i.

admire, admir-i.

admit, konfes-i; (let in) allas-i.

admonish, admon-i.

adore, ador-i.

adorn, ornam-i.

adverb, adverb-o.

advantage, util-o, profit-o.

advertise, reklam-i.

advise, konsil-i.

affable, afabl-a.

affair, afer-o; regrettable -, doma?-o.

affirmative, jes-a (171).

(be) afraid, tim-i.

Africa, Afrik-o.

after (prep.), post (89).

afternoon, posttagmez-o.

again, denov-e, re-e (223).

against (prep.), kontra?.

age, a?-o; of -, plena?-a; old -, maljunec-o.

(give an) agency, komisi-i.

agent, agent-o.

agitate, agit-i.

agony, agoni-o.

agree, konsent-i; (contract) kontrakt-i.

agreeable, agrabl-a.

aid, help-i.

aim at, cel-i.

air, aer-o; to -, aerum-i; (music) ari-o.

alas!, ho ve (273).

alcohol, alkohol-o.

alcove, alkov-o.

alert, vigl-a.

Alexander, Aleksandr-o.

Alexandria, Aleksandri-o.

Alfred, Alfred-o.

algebra, algebr-o.

alive, viv-a.

all (pronoun and adj.), ?iuj (173); (indefinite pronoun) ?io (233); (adv. of quantity) ?iom (194); (whole, entire) tut-a.

alliance, lig-o.

allow, permes-i.

allude, alud-i.

allure, log-i.

almanac, almanak-o.

almost (adv.), preska?.

alms, almoz-o.

alone, sol-a.

along (prep.), la? (191); - with, kune kun.

aloud, la?t-e.

alphabet, alfabet-o.

already (adv.), jam.

also (adv.), anka?.

altar, altar-o.

alter (trans.), ?an?-i, aliig-i.

although (conj.), kvankam.

always (adv.), ?iam (187).

America, Amerik-o.

amiable, afabl-a, amind-a.

amid, meze de, inter (85).

among (prep.), inter (85).

amount, sum-o, kvant-o; a certain -, iom (217).

amphibious, amfibi-a.

amphitheatre, amfiteatr-o.

amuse, amuz-i.

analyse, analiz-i.

ancestor, prapatr-o (282).

anchor, ankr-o.

ancient, antikv-a.

and (conj.), kaj (26).

anecdote, anekdot-o.

anew, denov-e.

angel, an?el-o.

angle, angul-o.

angry, koler-a.

animal, best-o.

ankle, maleol-o.

announce, anonc-i.

annoy, ?agren-i.

anoint, ?mir-i.

answer, respond-i.

ant, formik-o.

antelope, antilop-o.

antipathy, antipati-o.

antique, antikv-a.

anvil, ambos-o.

anxious, maltrankvil-a.

any (pronoun and adj.), iu (203); (adv. of quantity) iom (217); -kind, -time, -thing, etc., see table, 235.

any more (adv.), plu.

apartment, apartament-o.

apathy, apati-o.

apologise, pardonon pet-i.

apology (defence), apologi-o.

apparatus, aparat-o.

appear (come in sight), aper-i; (seem) ?ajn-i.

appearance (aspect), aspekt-o, mien-o, vidi?-o.

appetite, apetit-o.

applaud, apla?d-i.

apple, pom-o.

apply (put on), almet-i; - to (for information, etc.), sin turni al.

approach, alproksimi?-i al.

appropriate, proprigi al si; (suitable), konven-a, dec-a.

approve, aprob-i.

approximate, proksimum-a.

apricot, abrikot-o.

April, april-o.

apron, anta?tuk-o.

aquarium, akvari-o.

Arab, arab-o; street -, bub-o.

arbitrate, arbitraci-i.

arbor, la?b-o.

arc, ark-o.

arcade, arkad-o.

archer, pafarkist-o.

Archimedes, Ar?imed-o.

architecture, ar?itektur-o.

arena, aren-o.

argue, argument-i.

Aristeides, Aristejd-o.

aristocrat, aristokrat-o.

Aristotle, Aristotel-o.

arithmetic, aritmetik-o.

arm (of the body), brak-o; (weapon) armil-o.

army, arme-o.

aroma, arom-o.

around (prep.), ?irka? (89, 160).

arouse, incit-i, vek-i.

arrange, aran?-i.

arrest, arest-i.

arrive, alven-i.

arrogant, arogant-a.

arrow, sag-o.

art, art-o.

Arthur, Artur-o.

article (grammatical, literary) artikol-o.

artificial, artefarit-a.

artless, naiv-a.

as (adv.) kiel; as ... as ... tiel ... kiel ... (156); - if, - though, kvaza? (250); - far as, ?is (prep., 46); - much ... as ..., tiom ... kiom (164).

ascertain, certi?-i; - the truth of, konstat-i.

(be) ashamed, hont-i.

ashes, cindr-o.

Asia, Azi-o.

aside from (prep.), krom.

ask (inquire), demand-i; (request), pet-i.

asparagus, asparag-o.

aspect, aspekt-o, mien-o.

ass, azen-o.

assemble, kunven-i, kunvok-i.

assist, help-i.

association (organization), asoci-o.

assurance, aplomb-o, certigo.

at (prep.), ?e (125, 160), je (260); - the rate of, po (175).

athlete, atlet-o.

atmosphere, atmosfer-o.

attack, atak-i.

attain, ating-i, traf-i.

attempt, prov-i.

attentive, atent-a.

attest, atest-i.

attribute, atribut-o.

August, a?gust-o.

Australia, A?strali-o.

author, a?tor-o, verkist-o.

automatic, a?tomat-a.

autumn, a?tun-o.

avaricious, avar-a.

avenge, ven?-i.

avenue, ale-o, bulvard-o.

avoid, evit-i.

awake (trans.), vek-i.

away (adv.), for (71); (distant), malproksim-e (170).

axe, hakil-o.

axis (axle), aks-o.

B.

babble, babil-i.

baby, infanet-o.

bachelor, fra?l-o; - of arts (A.B.), abiturient-o.

back (of the body), dors-o; to the rear (adv.), malanta?en (121).

bacon, lard-o.

bag, sak-o, valiz-o.

bagatelle, bagatel-o.

bake (trans.), bak-i.

balance (trans.), balanc-i; (scales), pesil-o.

ball (to play with), pilk-o; (dance), bal-o; (globe), glob-o.

banana, banan-o.

band (stripe), stri-o; (music), orkestr-o; (group), ar-o (126).

bandage, banda?-i.

banish, ekzil-i.

bank (financial), bank-o; (shore), bord-o.

(become) bankrupt, bankrot-i

banner, flag-o, standard-o.

banquet, festen-o.

bar, bar-i.

barbarian, barbar-o.

bare, nud-a.

bark (of trees), ?el-o; (of dogs), boj-i.

barrel, barel-o; - organ, gurd-o.

barren, senfrukt-a.

barrister, advokat-o.

barytone, bariton-o.

base (foundation), fundament-o, baz-o; (ignoble), malnobl-a.

basin, vaz-o, kuv-o.

basket, korb-o.

bass (voice), bas-o.

bathe (trans.), ban-i.

battle, batal-i.

be, est-i (109).

beak, bek-o.

beam (wooden), trab-o; (light), radi-o.

bean (leguminous fruit), fab-o; (garden bean), fazeol-o.

bear (animal), urs-o; (carry), port-i; (endure), elport-i, sufer-i; (produce, give birth to), nask-i.

beard, barb-o.

beast, best-o.

beat, bat-i; (surpass), super-i, venk-i.

beautiful, bel-a.

because (conj.), ?ar (83), tial ke (83); - of (prep.), pro (86).

become, i?-i, fari?-i (232); (be suitable), konven-i, dec-i.

bed, lit-o.

bee, abel-o.

beef, bova?-o (227, c).

beefsteak, bifstek-o.

beet, bet-o.

before (prep.), anta? (89, 90, 120, 159, 160); (conj.), anta? ol (97, 98); (adv.), anta?e, ?us anta?e.

beg (request), pet-i; (ask alms), almozon pet-i.

beggar, almozul-o.

begin (trans.), komenc-i (see also prefix ek-, 206).

behave, kondut-i.

behind (prep.), post.

behold, rigard-i, vid-i; (adv.), jen (228).

Belgian, belg-o.

believe, kred-i (265).

bell, sonoril-o.

belong, aparten-i.

below (prep.), sub; (adv.), sub-e, malsupr-e.

belt, zon-o.

bench, benk-o.

bend (trans.), klin-i, fleks-i.

benevolence, bonfar-o.

berry, ber-o.

beside (prep.), krom; (near), apud; (at the side of), flanke de.

bet, vet-i.

betray, perfid-i.

betrothed (man), fian?-o.

between (prep.), inter (85, 89).

bewitch, ensor?-i.

beyond (prep.), preter.

bicycle, bicikl-o.

bid (order), ordon-i; - farewell, adia?-i.

big, grand-a.

bill (of bird), bek-o; bank -, bankbilet-o; hand-, afi?-o; (reckoning), kalkul-o.

bind (fasten), lig-i; (wounds), banda?-i.

bird, bird-o.

biscuit, biskvit-o; (ring-shaped), kring-o.

bit (piece), pec-o; (adv.), iom (217).

bite, mord-i.

black, nigr-a; to - (shoes, etc.), cir-i.

blackberry, rubus-o.

blackbird, merl-o.

blacking, cir-o.

blade (of knife, etc.), kling-o.

bleat, blek-i.

bless, ben-i.

blind, blind-a.

block (of wood), stip-o.

blood, sang-o.

bloom, flor-i (116).

blot (spot), makul-o.

blotter, sorbil-o, sorbpaper-o.

blouse, bluz-o, kitel-o.

blow, blov-i; (stroke), bat-o.

blue, blu-a; -ish, dubeblu-a.

blush, ru?i?-i.

board (plank), tabul-o; (food), nutrad-o.

boast, fanfaron-i.

boat, boat-o, ?ipet-o.

body, korp-o.

boil (intrans.), bol-i (275).

bolt (fasten), rigl-i.

bonbon, bombon-o.

bond (fastening), ligil-o.

bone, ost-o.

book, libr-o; note-, copy-, kajer-o.

boot, bot-o.

border (edge), rand-o.

bore (holes), bor-i; (weary), enuig-i.

(be) born, naski?-i.

borrow, pruntepren-i.

Boston, Boston-o.

both (pronoun and adj.), amba? (238); (adv.), kaj (26).

bottle, botel-o.

bottom, fund-o, malsupr-o.

bough, bran?-o.

boulevard, bulvard-o.

boundary, lim-o.

bouquet, buked-o.

bow (of ribbon), bant-o; (for shooting), pafark-o.

bow (bend), klini?-i, salut-i.

box, kest-o; small -, skatol-o.

boy, knab-o.

bracket (shelf), bret-o.

brag, fanfaron-i.

braid, plekt-i.

brain, cerb-o.

branch (of tree), bran?-o; (of work or study), fak-o.

brandish, sving-i.

brandy, brand-o.

brave, brav-o.

bread, pan-o.

break (trans)., romp-i; - to pieces, frakas-i.

breakfast, matenman?-o.

breathe, spir-i.

brick, brik-o.

bridge, pont-o.

bridle, brid-o.

bright (clear), hel-a.

bring, alport-i; - forth (produce), nask-i; - up (educate), eduk-i.

brisk, vigl-a.

Briton, Brit-o.

broad, lar?-a.

brochure, bro?ur-o.

bronze, bronz-o.

brood (birds), kov-i.

brother, frat-o.

brown, brun-a.

brownie, kobold-o.

bruise, kontuz-i.

brush, bros-i.

brute, brut-o.

bucket, sitel-o.

buckle, buk-o.

bud, bur?on-o.

build, konstru-i.

bulb, tuber-o, bulb-o.

Bulgarian, Bulgar-o.

bull, bovvir-o.

bullet, kugl-o.

bunch, fask-o.

bundle, fask-o, paka?-o.

bungle, fu?-i.

burden, ?ar?-i.

burn (intrans.), brul-i (275).

burst (intrans.), krev-i.

bury, enterig-i.

but (conj.), sed; (prep.), krom.

butcher, bu?-i.

butter, buter-o.

butterfly, papili-o.

button, buton-o; to -, butonum-i.

buy, a?et-i.

buzz, zum-i.

by (prep.), per (64); de (169, 170); (past), preter; (according to), la? (191).